Background: Blood pressure variability (BPV) is a prognostic marker of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Sleep is recognized as a significant risk factor for CVD; however, little is known about the relationship between sleep characteristics and BPV.
Objective: In this systematic review, we aimed to (1) describe methods used to measure BPV and sleep and (2) describe the current evidence in the literature on the association between sleep and BPV.
Background: Morning blood pressure surge (MBPS) has been recognized as an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease events. Psychological distress, including anxiety, depression, and perceived stress, and behavioral risk factors, such as poor sleep quality, have been associated with increased MBPS. Elevations in sympathetic activity induced by forced awakening may also contribute to further increases in MBPS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Poor sleep quality can cause an increase in morning blood pressure surge (MBPS), an independent risk factor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. Awakening induced by external factors such as alarm clocks, may also contribute to increased MBPS.
Objectives: To (1) compare the MBPS and sleep quality parameters between natural and forced awakenings and (2) examine the potential impact of forced awakening on MBPS, independent of sleep quality.