Diagnostic and Management Implications of Basic Science Advances in Barrett's Esophagus.

Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a well-established premalignant condition for esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), a cancer that has increased in the Western world by nearly sixfold over the past three decades and is associated with a dismal 5-year survival rate (<20 %) especially when detected at a symptomatic state. Given the dramatic rise in EAC incidence and poor outcomes, much attention has focused on screening and surveillance in BE with a goal of identifying curable lesions and improving outcomes in patients with EAC. The limitations of current screening and surveillance strategies provide the necessary impetus to improve diagnostic accuracy and risk stratification of patients with BE.

Endoscopic ultrasonography in esophageal cancer leads to improved survival rates: results from a population-based study.

Background: The advantages of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and computed tomography (CT)-positron emission tomography (PET) with respect to survival for esophageal cancer patients are unclear. This study aimed to assess the effects of EUS, CT-PET, and their combination on overall survival with respect to cases not receiving these procedures.

Methods: Patients who were ≥66 years old when diagnosed with esophageal cancer were identified in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare linked database.

Children's use of adult testimony to guide food selection.

We hypothesized that children's reliance on adults' testimony regarding food choices would diminish when adults were shown to be unreliable informants by expressing liking for foods the children disliked. In three studies, 3-6-year-old children observed an adult expressing liking for food and non-food items that were either the same as or opposite the child's stated hedonic assessments. Even after having observed an adult express liking for stimuli the children disliked, children still selected the item which the adult identified as hedonically positive.