Extranodal extension (ENE) is a prognostic indicator of aggressiveness for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). The association between the size of metastatic nodes and the prevalence of ENE has not been previously explored. However, there is a common belief that small lymph nodes with metastatic disease do not significantly impact patient outcome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Despite the importance of ultrasound imaging in thyroid disease care, ultrasound reports vary greatly in the features described. It is essential that ultrasound reports contain and present all components necessary for a clinical decision in a reader-friendly format.
Methods: One hundred ninety thyroid and neck ultrasound reports were scored using the universal ultrasound report template developed by Su et al, along with the American Thyroid Association (ATA) and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists/Associazione Medici Endocrinologi/European Thyroid Association (AACE/AME/ETA) guidelines.
Objectives/hypothesis: To present an overview of the barriers to the implementation of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) in thyroid cancer management and to introduce a computer-based clinical support system.
Data Sources: PubMed.
Review Methods: A review of studies on adherence to CPGs was conducted.
Background: Leiomyomas are benign cutaneous tumors of smooth muscle origin. Only a small percentage of leiomyomas arise in the head and neck region. We present the first case of leiomyoma arising in the sternothyroid muscle of the neck.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Extranodal extension (ENE) in lymph node metastases has been shown to worsen the prognosis of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Despite the clinical significance of ENE, there are no stringent criteria for its microscopic diagnosis, and its identification is subject to inter-observer variability. The objective of this study was to determine the level of agreement among expert pathologists in the identification of ENE in PTC cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: This study investigates whether applying educational testing approaches to an informed consent video for a medical procedure can lead to greater recall of the information presented.
Methods: Undergraduate students (n=120) were randomly assigned to watch a 20-min video on informed consent under one of three conditions: 1) tested using multiple-choice knowledge questions and provided with feedback on their answers after each 5-min segment; 2) tested with multiple choice knowledge questions but not provided feedback after each segment; or 3) watched the video without knowledge testing.
Results: Participants who were tested and provided feedback had significantly greater information recall compared to those who were tested but not provided feedback and to those not tested.
Background: Extrathyroidal extension (ETE) is a significant prognostic factor in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Minimal extrathyroidal extension (mETE) is characterized by involvement of the sternothyroid muscle or perithyroid soft tissue, and is generally identified by light microscope examination. Patients with mETE, identified pathologically, are automatically upstaged to pT3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The dramatic increase in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is primarily a result of early diagnosis of small cancers. Active surveillance is a promising management strategy for papillary thyroid microcarcinomas (PTMCs). However, as this management strategy gains traction in the U.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlterations to drainage pathways in the head and neck as a result of surgical manipulation are not well understood. We present two unusual cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma metastatic to the level 6 nodal compartment following extensive treatment. Both oral squamous cell carcinoma cases exhibited metastases to the central neck compartment following extensive surgery and radiation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Intraoral sebaceous carcinoma is a rare form of sebaceous carcinoma with only 9 published cases in the world literature to date. We present a 10th case of intraoral sebaceous carcinoma located in the anterior maxillary gingiva with metastases to the lung and subcutis and discuss 3 possible etiologies for this unique presentation.
Methods: We analyze the clinical presentation, pathology, histology, and genetic testing for a single case study and review relevant literature.