Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors With Dexamethasone in Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia: Contributions to Long-Term Polypharmacy.

Introduction  Proton pump inhibitors have been used in conjunction with dexamethasone to treat patients with COVID-19. This is given prophylactically to anticipate possible complications while on steroids, including abdominal pain, gastric ulcers, or gastrointestinal bleeding. Proton pump inhibitors have complications, including infection, pneumonia, osteoporosis, and vitamin deficiency.

Leptospirosis as an unusual culprit of acute pancreatitis and portal vein thrombosis in a New Yorker.

Leptospirosis often takes clinicians by surprise when presenting in urban locations with unusual manifestations. This delays diagnosis and treatment which increases mortality rate. Our case illustrates the importance of taking into account the socioeconomic backgrounds, environmental exposures, and clinical presentations of patients to create a good differential diagnosis.

Patient considerations in the management of ulcerative colitis - role of vedolizumab.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a subtype of inflammatory bowel disease which causes inflammation of the large intestine and affects approximately 7.6-24.6 per 100,000 persons.

Histological healing favors lower risk of colon carcinoma in extensive ulcerative colitis.

Aim: To search for the answer in extensive ulcerative colitis as to whether histological inflammation persisting despite endoscopic mucosal healing serves to increase the risk of colon cancer (CC) or high grade dysplasia (HGD).

Methods: This is a single center (Lenox Hill Hospital) retrospective cohort and descriptive study of extensive ulcerative colitis (UC) for 20 years or more with a minimum of 3 surveillance colonoscopies and biopsies performed after the first 10 years of UC diagnosis. Data analyzed included: duration of UC, date of diagnosis of (CC) or (HGD), number of surveillance colonoscopies, and biopsies showing histological inflammation and its severity in each of 6 segments when endoscopic appearance is normal.