Estimating Earphone Level and Dose Using Real-Ear Measures and Ecological Momentary Assessment.

Purpose: Prior work estimating sound exposure dose from earphone use has typically measured earphone use time with retrospective questionnaires or device-based tracking, both of which have limitations. This research note presents an exploratory analysis of sound exposure dose from earphone use among college-aged adults using real-ear measures to estimate exposure level and ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to estimate use time.

Method: Earphone levels were measured at the ear drum of 53 college students using their own devices, earphones, and preferred music and speech stimuli at their normal listening volume.

Improving stroke knowledge through a 'volunteer-led' community education program in Australia.

Background: Public awareness of stroke risks and warning signs remains poor. The National Stroke Foundation (NSF) in Australia has been undertaking a StrokeSafe Ambassador Education program to raise awareness of stroke. The format includes presentations by volunteers trained to be 'ambassadors' to spread standard information about stroke to the public.