Sebaceous carcinoma in immunosuppressed patients: a narrative review.

Sebaceous carcinoma is a rare cutaneous malignancy of sebaceous glands, but it is up to 25-fold more common in immunosuppressed individuals. In this narrative review, we examine the current literature on the pathogenesis, incidence, risk factors, prognosis, treatment, and surveillance of sebaceous carcinoma in immunosuppression and highlight practical considerations for providers who care for these patients. Increased incidence may be related to decreased immune surveillance, susceptibility to an unknown viral trigger, microsatellite instability, immunosuppressive medications, and unmasking of occult Muir-Torre Syndrome.

The digital signature of emergent tremor in Parkinson's disease.

Emergent tremor in Parkinson's disease (PD) can occur during sustained postures or movements that are different from action tremor. Tremor can contaminate the clinical rating of bradykinesia during finger tapping. Currently, there is no reliable way of isolating emergent tremor and measuring the cardinal motor symptoms based on voluntary movements only.

Artificial intelligence for nonmelanoma skin cancer.

Nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) are among the top five most common cancers globally. NMSC is an area with great potential for novel application of diagnostic tools including artificial intelligence (AI). In this scoping review, we aimed to describe the applications of AI in the diagnosis and treatment of NMSC.

Assessing outcomes of topical 5-fluorouracil as primary and adjuvant therapy for squamous cell carcinoma in-situ.

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in-situ (SCCis) is an intraepithelial tumor with a good prognosis. Standard treatment includes both surgical and non-surgical interventions. We determined the clearance rate for SCCis and residual SCCis identified on frozen section during Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) after treatment with topical fluorouracil 5% cream (5-FU).

Part 2: Management of Intraoperative and Perioperative Bleeding.

With an increase in number of patients on antithrombotic therapies, management of bleeding during dermatologic surgery is increasingly important. As described in Part 1, perioperative discontinuation of antithrombotic therapies may increase the risk of embolic events thus the risks and benefits must be weighed carefully when deciding whether to continue or suspend therapy. However, continuing oral anticoagulants may result in increased intraoperative and postoperative bleeding.

Part 1: Management of Antithrombotic Medications in Dermatologic Surgery.

Perioperative management of antithrombotic agents requires practical and medical considerations. Discontinuing antithrombotic therapies increases the risk of thrombotic adverse events including cerebrovascular accidents, myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, and retinal artery occlusion. Conversely, continuation of antithrombotic therapy during surgical procedures has associated bleeding risks.

From Molecules to Microbes: Tracing Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Pathogenesis through Malignant Inflammation.

The etiology of CTCL is a subject of extensive investigation. Researchers have explored links between CTCL and environmental chemical exposures, such as aromatic hydrocarbons (eg, pesticides and benzene), as well as infectious factors, including various viruses (eg, human T-lymphotropic virus [HTLV]-I and HTLV-II) and bacteria (eg, Staphylococcus aureus). There has been growing emphasis on the role of malignant inflammation in CTCL development.

Gammopathic dermopathy: characterization of cutaneous MGUS.

Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS) is a clonal plasma cell disorder that is considered preneoplastic, asymptomatic, and only requiring observation. However, MGUS may result in cutaneous complications, which are poorly understood, causing treatment delays and patient suffering. We present 30 patients with cutaneous findings associated with MGUS, characterizing clinical presentations, isoforms, treatments, and outcomes.

Surgical margins and outcomes for eyelid melanoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

No randomized trials exist to inform the peripheral surgical margins or depth of wide excision for eyelid melanoma. We performed a meta-analysis examining surgical margins and Breslow depth for eyelid melanomas. A systematic review was performed in August 2022 using PubMed, Cochrane, and Medline databases (1/1/1990 to 8/1/2022).

Ethical considerations for artificial intelligence in dermatology: a scoping review.

The field of dermatology is experiencing the rapid deployment of artificial intelligence (AI), from mobile applications (apps) for skin cancer detection to large language models like ChatGPT that can answer generalist or specialist questions about skin diagnoses. With these new applications, ethical concerns have emerged. In this scoping review, we aimed to identify the applications of AI to the field of dermatology and to understand their ethical implications.