Ego networks associated with e-cigarette use among college fraternity students: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To use egocentric network analysis (ENA) to identify how the role of social networks relates to e-cigarette use among college fraternity members.

Participants: 212 fraternity members participated in this study.

Methods: Hierarchical logistic regression analyses assessed the relationship between egocentric network variables and ever use and current use of e-cigarettes.

Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Adaptations Following Aerobic Exercise Training Programs: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The influence of aerobic exercise training on cardiovascular adaptations in healthy males versus females is unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis summarized sex-based differences in cardiac adaptations following aerobic exercise training interventions in healthy adults.

Methods: Five electronic databases were searched from inception to June 2024.

"A Video-Based Learning Module is an Effective Way to Teach the Interpretation of Pre-Operative Electrodiagnostic Studies".

Background: Electrodiagnostic (EDX) studies are critical for surgical decision-making in nerve injuries. Surgeons typically rely on the electrodiagnostician's reports and lack formal training in EDX interpretation. This knowledge gap highlights a need for accessible and effective educational resources for surgeons to improve their understanding of EDX and enhance patient care.

An Updated Evaluation of the Management of Nerve Gaps: Autografts, Allografts, and Nerve Transfers.

Within the past decade, there have been multiple innovations in the field of nerve surgery. In this review, we highlight critical changes and innovations that have helped advance the field and present opportunities for further study. This includes the modification and clarification of the classification schema for nerve injuries which informs prognosis and treatment, and a refined understanding and application of electrodiagnostic studies to guide patient selection.

Food Allergy: Unproven diagnostics and therapeutics.

Food allergy or intolerance is often attributed by patients as the cause of many symptoms unknown to be directly related to food ingestion. For immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated food allergy, diagnostic modalities are currently limited to the combination of clinical history, evidence of sensitization with food-specific IgE testing and skin-prick testing, and oral food challenge. Many patients find an appeal in the promise of identification of the etiology of their symptoms through alternative food allergy or intolerance diagnostic modalities.

Outcomes Following Surgical Fixation of Upper Extremity Fractures in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.

Purpose: Moderate to severe (stage III-IV) chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end stage renal disease (ESRD) have been shown to be independent risk factors for sustaining a fragility fracture. High rates of complications and mortality are associated with fracture fixation in patients with CKD, but existing literature is limited. It is unknown how CKD stage III-IV or ESRD affects outcomes in upper-extremity fractures.

Outcomes Following Surgical Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease.

Purpose: Moderate-to-severe chronic kidney disease (CKD, stages III-IV) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD or CKD stage V) are known to be independent risk factors for fragility fracture. Altered bone and mineral metabolism contributes to greater complications and mortality rates in the setting of fractures, although most existing literature is limited to hip fractures. We hypothesized that patients with moderate-to-severe CKD or ESRD would have greater complication rates after surgical treatment of distal radius fractures compared with those without CKD.

Content and face validity of Workplace COVID-19 Knowledge & Stigma Scale (WoCKSS).

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to fear, rumours, and stigma, particularly against those infected with the virus. In Malaysia, the manufacturing industry is particularly vulnerable to COVID-19 clusters, making it critical to assess stigma attitudes among workers. To address this issue, The Workplace COVID-19 Knowledge & Stigma Scale (WoCKSS) was developed specifically for use in the manufacturing industry which served as the sample population for testing this scale.

A Comparison of Patient Characteristics and Outcomes Between Patients Receiving Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Slip Excision or Isolated A1 Pulley Release for Trigger Finger.

Purpose: Resection of the radial or ulnar slip of the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) tendon is a known treatment option for persistent trigger finger. Risk factors for undergoing FDS slip excision are unclear. We hypothesized that patients who underwent A1 pulley release with FDS slip excision secondary to persistent triggering would have a higher comorbidity burden compared to those receiving A1 pulley release alone.

Identifying Social Network Characteristics Associated With Youth Physical Activity Skill Competency at a Summer Care Program.

While literature suggests that youth physical activity (PA) behaviors are affected by network influences, less is known about network influences on perceived skill competency, a component of physical literacy and self-efficacy. This study aims to provide an understanding of potential network characteristics which are associated with youth PA skill competency. Youth ( = 158) between the ages of 8 and 12 years recruited from two summer care programs (i.

Compression of the Ulnar Nerve by the Arcade of Struthers: Look and You Shall Find.

Background: The arcade of Struthers was first proposed by Kane et al in 1973. Clinical investigations of this structure have been limited to small case series, focusing on the arcade as an isolated cause of compressive ulnar neuropathy. The purpose of our study was to investigate the incidence of this structure in patients undergoing ulnar nerve transposition.

An egocentric network analysis of U.S. college students' recollection of mental health symptoms and social connections during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This study analyzes pandemic-era diminished mental health and social connections among college students. Students of a large public university completed an online survey measuring self-reported mental health symptoms for themselves and that of their closest social connections. Three regression models were used to understand if pandemic-era diminished mental health was associated with mental health characteristics present among their social networks: (1) depressive symptoms, (2) loneliness, and (3) hopelessness.

Personal Agency and Social Supports to Manage Health Among Non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic Men With Diabetes.

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing among non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic communities, especially among men who develop this chronic condition at earlier ages. Personal agency and social support are vital aspects to diabetes management. However, less is known about the relationship between these variables among men living with diabetes.

Cultivating an Active Living Plan Through a Social-Ecological Evaluation.

Physical activity (PA) social-ecological model (SEM) posits the importance of several levels of influence critical for PA promotion within communities. The purpose of this study was to examine an SEM evaluation informing a county-wide active living plan in McLennan County, Texas in the United States. Mixed-methods evaluation occurred in 4 stages: (1) county policies (n = 15) were evaluated for PA promoting strategies; (2) PA resource assessments (PARAs) were conducted via Google Maps (n = 171); (3) surveys (n = 244) included the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and interpersonal and intrapersonal factors related to PA; and (4) focus groups (n = 5) were conducted with residents (n = 30), discussing barriers and facilitators to being active.

Intramural sports social networks and implications for college student physical activity, sense of community, and retention.

: This study examines associations between social networks developed through intramural sports and physical activity (PA), sense of community, and retention. : College students participating in intramural sports at a large public university in the Southern United States ( = 250). : Students self-reported PA, sense of community, retention, and social networks developed through intramural sports in Fall 2022.

Lessons learned from principal investigators on recruitment for community-based health behavior studies during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Little is known about pandemic-related impacts on participant recruitment into community-based health studies during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this report was to summarize lessons learned from principal investigators (PIs) of NIH-funded community-based health behavior studies that were scheduled to recruit during the COVID-19 pandemic. We report on findings from three open-ended questions that were part of a 50-question online survey conducted from December 2022 - January 2023, completed by 52 PIs.

Recruiting experiences of NIH-funded principal investigators for community-based health behavior interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Successful recruitment into randomized trials and interventions is essential to advance scientific knowledge to improve health. This rapid assessment study explored how the COVID-19 pandemic affected participant recruitment overall, identified how it exacerbated existing challenges to recruit hard-to-reach populations, and described how NIH-funded Principal Investigators (PIs) responded to COVID-era recruitment challenges. A cross-sectional survey of NIH-funded PIs conducting interventions and trials related to health behaviors was conducted in 2022.

Evaluating Nurses' Time to Response by Severity and Cancer Stage in a Remote Symptom Monitoring Program for Patients With Breast Cancer.

Purpose: Remote symptom monitoring (RSM) using electronic patient-reported outcomes enables patients with cancer to communicate symptoms between in-person visits. A better understanding of key RSM implementation outcomes is crucial to optimize efficiency and guide implementation efforts. This analysis evaluated the association between the severity of patient-reported symptom alerts and time to response by the health care team.

Following a Surgical Paradigm Shift Through the Adoption of Nerve Transfers Among Board-Eligible and Practicing Plastic Surgeons.

Background: Nerve transfers represent a new paradigm in the treatment of nerve injuries. Their current level of adoption among surgeons is unknown. This study evaluates the incidence of nerve transfers on case logs of board-eligible plastic surgeons over the past 14 years and surveys practicing nerve surgeons regarding their use of this technique.

Calling on Sponsorship: Analysis of Speaker Gender Representation at Hand Society Meetings.

Background: The paucity of leadership diversity in surgical specialties is well documented. Unequal opportunities for participation at scientific meetings may impact future promotions within academic infrastructures. This study evaluated gender representation of surgeon speakers at hand surgery meetings.

Computational analyses identify addiction help-seeking behaviors on the social networking website Reddit: Insights into online social interactions and addiction support communities.

Introduction: Although social connection to others with lived addiction experiences is a strong predictor of long-term recovery from substance use disorders (SUD), the COVID-19 pandemic greatly altered global abilities to physically connect with other people. Evidence suggests online forums for people with SUD may serve as a sufficient proxy for social connection, however efficacy of online spaces as addiction treatment adjuncts remains empirically understudied.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze a collection of Reddit posts germane to addiction and recovery collected between March-August 2022.