The clinicopathological features of thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome following ChAdOx1-S (AZD1222) vaccination and case outcomes in Australia: a population-based study.

Background: Thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS) associated with viral vector COVID-19 vaccines, including ChAdOx1-S (AstraZeneca AZD1222) vaccine, can result in significant morbidity and mortality. We report the clinicopathological features of TTS following ChAdOx1-S vaccination and summarise the case outcomes in Australia.

Methods: In this cohort study, patients diagnosed with TTS in Australia between 23 March and 31 December 2021 were identified according to predefined criteria.

A cluster-randomized trial of workplace ergonomics and neck-specific exercise versus ergonomics and health promotion for office workers to manage neck pain - a secondary outcome analysis.

Background: Neck pain is prevalent among office workers. This study evaluated the impact of an ergonomic and exercise training (EET) intervention and an ergonomic and health promotion (EHP) intervention on neck pain intensity among the All Workers and a subgroup of Neck Pain cases at baseline.

Methods: A 12-month cluster-randomized trial was conducted in 14 public and private organisations.

Long-term outcomes of patients with end-stage kidney disease due to membranous nephropathy: A cohort study using the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry.

Background: Clinical outcomes of patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) secondary to membranous nephropathy (MN) have not been well described. This study aimed to evaluate patient and/or allograft outcomes of dialysis or kidney transplantation in patients with ESKD secondary to MN.

Material And Methods: All adult patients with ESKD commencing renal replacement therapy in Australia and New Zealand from January 1998 to December 2010 were extracted retrospectively from ANZDATA registry on 31st December 2013.

End-Stage Kidney Disease following Surgical Management of Kidney Cancer.

Background And Objectives: We investigated the incidence of ESKD after surgical management of kidney cancer in the Australian state of Queensland, and described patterns in the initiation of kidney replacement therapy resulting from kidney cancer across Australia.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: All newly diagnosed cases of kidney cancer in the Australian state of Queensland between January of 2009 and December of 2014 were ascertained through the Queensland Cancer Registry. There were 2739 patients included in our analysis.

Predictors of new-onset chronic kidney disease in patients managed surgically for T1a renal cell carcinoma: An Australian population-based analysis.

Background: New-onset chronic kidney disease (CKD) following surgical management of kidney tumors is common. This study evaluated risk factors for new-onset CKD after nephrectomy for T1a renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in an Australian population-based cohort.

Methods: There were 551 RCC patients from the Australian states of Queensland and Victoria included in this study.

Outcome Measures Used to Report Kidney Function in Studies Investigating Surgical Management of Kidney Tumours: A Systematic Review.

Context: Most practice decisions relevant to preserving kidney function in patients managed surgically for kidney tumours are driven by observational studies. A wide range of outcome measures are used in these studies, which reduces comparability and increases the risk of reporting bias.

Objective: To comprehensively and succinctly describe the outcomes used to evaluate kidney function in studies evaluating surgical management of kidney tumours.

Assessment of sarcopenia in virally suppressed HIV-infected Asians receiving treatment.

Objectives: In a clinic-based, treated HIV-infected cohort, we identified individuals with sarcopenia and compared with age, sex and ethnically matched controls; and investigated associated risk factors and health outcomes.

Design: Sarcopenia (age-related muscle loss) causes significant morbidity to the elderly, leading to frequent hospitalizations, disability and death. Few have characterized sarcopenia in the HIV-infected who experience accelerated aging.

Utility of Using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) as a Screening Tool for HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND) In Multi-Ethnic Malaysia.

This study determines the optimal cut-off scores for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) to detect HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in a multi-ethnic Malaysian HIV-positive cohort by developing demographically corrected normative standards among 283 HIV-negative community-based controls with overlapping demographic characteristics. The norms (corrected for age, sex, education, ethnicity) were applied to 342 HIV-positive virally suppressed individuals on cART. Impairment rates were classified using the Global Deficit Score (GDS ≥ .

HIV/Human herpesvirus co-infections: Impact on tryptophan-kynurenine pathway and immune reconstitution.

Background: Co-infections with human herpesvirus (HHV) have been associated with residual chronic inflammation in antiretroviral (ART)-treated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals. However, the role of HHV in modulating the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway and clinical outcomes in HIV-infected individuals is poorly understood. Thus, we investigated the seroprevalence of four common HHVs among treated HIV-infected participants and their impact on kynurenine/tryptophan (K/T) ratio and long-term CD4 T-cell recovery in HIV/HHV co-infected participants.

Major health impact of accelerated aging in young HIV-infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy.

Background: Aging among HIV-infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a significant clinical challenge; however, studies assessing multidimensional aspects of aging are lacking. We characterized 10 geriatric conditions encompassing multiple functional domains, its health impact and associated risk factors in HIV-infected and age-matched uninfected controls.

Methods: HIV-infected individuals were recruited from the outpatient clinic in University Malaya Medical Centre, Malaysia and controls from the community.

Prevalence, risk factors and health outcomes associated with polypharmacy among urban community-dwelling older adults in multi-ethnic Malaysia.

Background: Polypharmacy has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality in the older population.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, risk factors and health outcomes associated with polypharmacy in a cohort of urban community-dwelling older adults receiving chronic medications in Malaysia.

Methods: This was a baseline study in the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research cohort.

Defining metabolic syndrome and factors associated with metabolic syndrome in a poly-pharmaceutical population.

Objectives: Metabolic Syndrome (METs) definitions vary and diagnosis takes into account consumption of medications commonly prescribed for conditions defining METs. This paper evaluates the potential differences in population characteristics using two different methods of defining METs, with and without the adjustment of the effects of pharmacotherapy on biochemical and blood pressure (BP) measurements Methods: This was a cross-sectional study utilizing the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research (MELoR) cohort comprising urban community-dwellers aged ≥55 years. Participants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire during home visits where medications were reviewed.