Characterization of Propofol Use For Non-Procedural Sedation in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.

Objective: Given the limited literature describing propofol use in pediatric patients, this study aimed to describe the dosing and duration of propofol infusions for non-procedural sedation in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). The secondary objectives were to describe the change in concomitant sedative requirements from the 24-hour period before propofol initiation to the 24-hour period after discontinuation of propofol and to review the frequency of adverse events.

Methods: This retrospective descriptive cohort study evaluated children 1 month to less than 18 years old who received a continuous infusion of propofol for non-procedural sedation in the PICU between May 2018 and August 2020.

Excited State Trends in Bidirectionally Expanded Closed-Shell PAH and PANH Anions.

Some anions are known to exhibit excited states independent of external forces such as dipole moments and induced polarizabilities. Such states exist simply as a result of the stabilization of valence accepting orbitals whereby the binding energy of the extra electron is greater than the valence excitation energy. Closed-shell anions are interesting candidates for such transitions since their ground-state, spin-paired nature makes the anions more stable from the beginning.

Treatment of Diabetic Ketoacidosis With Intravenous U-500 Insulin in a Patient With Rabson-Mendenhall Syndrome: A Case Report.

Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome is a rare genetic disorder resulting from mutations in the insulin receptor and is associated with high degrees of insulin resistance. These patients are prone to complications secondary to their hyperglycemia including diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). We report the case of a 19-year-old male with Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome presenting with DKA who required doses of up to 500 U/h (10.

Multiple primary melanomas among 16,570 patients with melanoma diagnosed at Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 1996 to 2011.

Background: Published rates of cutaneous multiple primary melanoma (MPM) vary widely.

Objective: We examined incidence of and risk factors associated with MPMs among Kaiser Permanente Northern California members.

Methods: We estimated MPM incidence among 16,570 patients with melanoma from 1996 through 2011.

Silent information regulator (Sir)T1 inhibits NF-κB signaling to maintain normal skeletal remodeling.

Silent information regulator T1 (SirT1) is linked to longevity and negatively controls NF-κB signaling, a crucial mediator of survival and regulator of both osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Here we show that NF-κB repression by SirT1 in both osteoclasts and osteoblasts is necessary for proper bone remodeling and may contribute to the mechanisms linking aging and bone loss. Osteoclast- or osteoblast-specific SirT1 deletion using the Sirt(flox/flox) mice crossed to lysozyme M-cre and the 2.

Inhibition of TGF-β signaling by 1D11 antibody treatment increases bone mass and quality in vivo.

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is an abundant bone matrix protein that influences osteoblast and osteoclast interactions to control bone remodeling. As such, TGF-β represents an obvious pharmacologic target with the potential to regulate both bone formation and resorption to improve bone volume and strength. To investigate the skeletal effect of TGF-β inhibition in vivo, we used an antibody (1D11) specifically directed at all three isoforms of TGF-β.

Review of selected patents for cancer therapy targeting tumor angiogenesis.

Targeting tumor angiogenesis to treat cancer has been the focus of intense research in recent decades. The resulting increase in our knowledge of cancer biology has lead to the development of several new classes of investigational agents that inhibit the angiogenic process. While many clinical trials on antiangiogenic compounds have had disappointing results, the recent approval of the first effective drug targeting tumor vessels has revived interest in further drug development for angiogenesis inhibitors.

Exposure-response relationships for oxaliplatin-treated colon cancer cells.

Data are lacking for an optimal infusion length for oxaliplatin administered intraperitoneally. Our objectives were to establish the roles of hyperthermia and an effective length of oxaliplatin treatment in maximizing antitumor activity. SW620 cells were treated for 0.

In vivo oxidative damage in rats is associated with barbiturate response but not other cytochrome P450 inducers.

Previously published studies have shown that cytochrome P450 (P450) enzyme systems can produce reactive oxygen species and suggest roles of P450s in oxidative stress. However, most of the studies have been done in vitro, and the potential link between P450 induction and in vivo oxidative damage has not been rigorously explored with validated biomarkers. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated with typical P450 inducers (beta-naphthoflavone, phenobarbital (PB), Aroclor 1254, isoniazid, pregnenolone 16alpha-carbonitrile, and clofibrate) or the general P450 inhibitor 1-aminobenztriazole; induction of P4501A, -2B, -2E, -3A, and -4A subfamily enzymes was confirmed by immunoblotting and the suppression of P450 by 1-aminobenztriazole using spectral analysis.

Primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (low-grade, non large cell).

A 43-year-old man presented with erythematous, indurated plaques on the scalp in the setting of a 16-year history of recurrent cutaneous tumors of the head and trunk. Clinical and histopathologic findings were consistent with a diagnosis of primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma. Laboratory data and computed tomography imaging of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis failed to show an associated systemic lymphoma.

Pharmacodynamic characterization of gemcitabine cytotoxicity in an in vitro cell culture bioreactor system.

Purpose: Gemcitabine, a pyrimidine nucleoside, is approved for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic carcinoma, and breast cancer. Chemotherapy regimens are determined experimentally with static tissue culture systems, animal models, and in Phase I clinical trials. The aim of this study was to assess for gemcitabine-induced cell death following infusion of drug under clinically-relevant conditions of infusion rate and drug exposure in an in vitro bioreactor system.

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type VIII: periodontitis, easy bruising, marfanoid habitus, and distinctive facies.

An 11-year-old boy had a history of easy bruising and poorly healing wounds since infancy and severe, early-onset periodontitis. He also exhibited mild hypermobility of the small joints of the hands, long limbs with striking arachnodactyly, and a triangular face with delicate features. Analysis of type I and type III collagens revealed no abnormalities.

Skin cancer examination teaching in US medical education.

Objective: To determine physician preparation for performing the skin cancer examination (SCE).

Design: We evaluated medical students' observation, training, and practice of the SCE; hours spent in a dermatology clinic; and self-reported skill level for the SCE by a self-administered survey.

Participants: Graduating students at 7 US medical schools during the 2002-2003 academic year.

Perinatal predictors of atopic dermatitis occurring in the first six months of life.

Objective: Previous studies of predictors of atopic dermatitis have had limited sample size, small numbers of variables, or retrospective data collection. The purpose of this prospective study was to investigate several perinatal predictors of atopic dermatitis occurring in the first 6 months of life.

Design: We report findings from 1005 mothers and their infants participating in Project Viva, a US cohort study of pregnant women and their offspring.