Are Diabetes Prevention Programs Reaching Those Most at Risk? A Scoping Review.

Objective: Previous reviews have highlighted the efficacy of lifestyle diabetes prevention programs (DPPs) in decreasing type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk; however, the participating population is predominantly white. This is concerning as ethnically diverse populations are disproportionately affected by T2D. The objective of this scoping review was to 1) summarize existing tailored DPPs and 2) provide recommendations for future program implementation to improve access and reach for diverse populations.

An Exercise-Based Precision Medicine Tool and Smartphone App for Managing Achilles Tendinopathy (the 'PhysViz' System): User-Centered Development Study.

Background: People with Achilles tendinopathy (AT) experience persistent pain that can limit engagement with daily occupations and negatively impact mental health. Current therapeutic exercise approaches vary in success, with many people experiencing reinjury, leading to a cycle of chronic tendinopathy often lasting years. High-magnitude precision loading may help people exit this feedback cycle, but applying these principles clinically is challenging.

Identification of Intervention Characteristics Within Diabetes Prevention Programs Using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication: A Scoping Review.

Objectives: Diabetes prevention programs (DPPs) targeting dietary and physical activity behaviour change have been shown to decrease the incidence of type 2 diabetes; however, a more thorough reporting of intervention characteristics is needed to expedite the translation of such programs into different communities. In this scoping review, we aim to synthesize how DPPs are being reported and implemented.

Methods: A scoping review using Arkey and O'Malley methods was conducted in accordance with the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis.

Current practice, guideline adherence, and barriers to implementation for Achilles tendinopathy rehabilitation: a survey of physical therapists and people with Achilles tendinopathy.

Objective: To explore clinical practice patterns of physical therapists (PTs) who treat people with Achilles tendinopathy (AT), and identify perceived barriers and facilitators for prescribing and engaging with therapeutic exercise among PTs and people with AT.

Methods: Two cross-sectional surveys were electronically distributed between November 2021 and May 2022; one survey was designed for PTs while the second was for people with AT. Survey respondents answered questions regarding their physical therapy training and current practice (PTs), injury history and management (people with AT), and perceived barriers and facilitators (PTs and people with AT).

Small Steps Towards an Inclusive Diabetes Prevention Program: How Small Steps for Big Changes is Improving Program Equity and Inclusion.

Social determinants of health, the effects of colonialism, and systemic injustices result in some groups being at disproportionately higher risk for developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). Many T2D prevention programs have not been designed to provide equitable and inclusive care to everyone. This paper presents an example of the steps taken in an evidence-based community T2D prevention program, Small Steps for Big Changes (SSBC), to improve equitable access and inclusivity based on input from a stakeholder advisory group and the ConNECT Framework.

Rapid Reviews to Support Practice: A Guide for Professional Organization Practice Networks.

Occupational Therapists, among other healthcare decision makers, often need to make decisions within limited timeframes and cannot wait for the completion of large rigorous systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Rapid reviews are one method to increase the integration of research evidence into clinical decision making. Rapid reviews streamline the systematic review process to allow for the timely synthesis of evidence; however, there does not exist a single agreed upon guide for the methodology and reporting of rapid reviews.

mHealth prompts within diabetes prevention programs: a scoping review.

Background: Mobile health (mHealth) prompts (e.g., text messaging, push notifications) are a commonly used technique within behaviour change interventions to prompt or cue a specific behaviour.

Fitness Facility Staff Can Be Trained to Deliver a Motivational Interviewing-Informed Diabetes Prevention Program.

Training programs must be evaluated to understand whether the training was successful at enabling staff to implement a program with fidelity. This is especially important when the training has been translated to a new context. The aim of this community case study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the in-person Small Steps for Big Changes training for fitness facility staff using the 4-level Kirkpatrick training evaluation model.

Using the behavior change wheel to develop text messages to promote diet and physical activity adherence following a diabetes prevention program.

Improving diet and physical activity (PA) can reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D); however, long-term diet and PA adherence is poor. To impact population-level T2D risk, scalable interventions facilitating behavior change adherence are needed. Text messaging interventions supplementing behavior change interventions can positively influence health behaviors including diet and PA.

Identifying Behaviour Change Techniques and Motivational Interviewing Techniques in Small Steps for Big Changes: A Community-Based Program for Adults at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes.

Background: The risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) can be reduced through diet and exercise changes. Given the rapidly increasing prevalence of T2D and the associated burden on the health-care system, there is a need for affordable and scalable diet and exercise programs to be delivered in communities. Small Steps for Big Changes (SSBC) is an evidence-based diabetes prevention program for improving diet and exercise adherence in individuals at risk for developing T2D.

Effects of Mobile Health Prompts on Self-Monitoring and Exercise Behaviors Following a Diabetes Prevention Program: Secondary Analysis From a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: A number of mobile health (mHealth) apps exist that focus specifically on promoting exercise behavior. To increase user engagement, prompts, such as text messages, emails, or push notifications, are often used. To date, little research has been done to understand whether, and for how long, these prompts influence exercise behavior.

Occupational therapy and posttraumatic stress disorder: A scoping review.

Background.: People who are diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can experience disruptions in their daily occupations. Occupational therapists may assist clients with PTSD to reengage in meaningful occupations.