Serological survey to estimate SARS-CoV-2 infection and antibody seroprevalence at a large public university: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: This study investigated the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among adults over 18 years.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Settings: A large public university.

Elucidating symptoms of COVID-19 illness in the Arizona CoVHORT: a longitudinal cohort study.

Objective: To elucidate the symptoms of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases as compared with laboratory-confirmed negative individuals and to the untested general population among all participants who reported symptoms within a large prospective cohort study.

Setting And Design: This work was conducted within the framework of the Arizona CoVHORT, a longitudinal prospective cohort study conducted among Arizona residents.

Participants: Eligible participants were any individual living in Arizona and were recruited from across Arizona via COVID-19 case investigations, participation in testing studies and a postcard mailing effort.

Effect of school closure on the incidence of influenza among school-age children in Arizona.

Objective: We assessed the impact of school closures as a viable intervention in the event of an influenza pandemic.

Methods: We evaluated the effect of scheduled, two-week winter break school closures during the 2004-2008 school years on the occurrence of influenza among children aged 5-17 years in Arizona.

Results: We found a consistent pattern of benefit to school-age children during winter school closures when non-school-age children and adults experienced significant increases in influenza incidence, an increase not seen among school-age children.

Racial differences in diurnal blood pressure and heart rate patterns: results from the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) trial.

Background: Several studies have suggested that blacks, on average, have a blunted decline in nocturnal blood pressure (BP) as compared with nonblacks. It is unknown whether differences in traditional determinants of BP, specifically diet and obesity, account for observed differences in diurnal patterns.

Methods: We conducted an analysis of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) trial that enrolled adults with prehypertension or stage 1 hypertension.

A prospective study of plasma ferritin level and incident diabetes: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study.

The authors performed a case-cohort study nested within the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study to determine the association between plasma ferritin level and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Persons with incident cases of type 2 diabetes diagnosed over an average follow-up period of 7.9 years (n = 599) were compared with a random sample of the cohort (n = 690).

Prevalence of overweight among Baltimore City schoolchildren and its associations with nutrition and physical activity.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of overweight and at-risk-for-overweight in schoolchildren from Baltimore City.

Research Methods And Procedures: Ten schools within city limits were randomly selected from each tertile of income, using eligibility for free school lunch as a proxy. A total of 209 third grade students from eight public schools in Baltimore City were surveyed in May 2000.

Does weight status influence perceptions of physical activity barriers among African-American women?

Background: Many African-American women fail to participate in regular physical activity. Weight status may influence physical activity barriers. This study examined the frequency and type of barriers.

New high blood pressure guidelines create new at-risk classification: changes in blood pressure classification by JNC 7.

High blood pressure has become increasingly prevalent and is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC 7) has redefined normal blood pressure as less than 120/80 mm Hg and created a new blood pressure category called "prehypertension" for those with a systolic BP of 120 to 139 mm Hg or a diastolic BP of 80 to 89 mm Hg. This new blood pressure category was created to identify adults considered to be at risk for developing hypertension and to alert both patients and healthcare providers of the importance of adopting lifestyle changes.