CD163 expression defines specific, IRF8-dependent, immune-modulatory macrophages in the bone marrow.

Background: Scavenger receptor CD163 is exclusively expressed on monocytes/macrophages and is widely used as a marker for alternatively activated macrophages. However, the role of CD163 is not yet clear.

Objectives: We sought to examine the function of CD163 in steady-state as well as in sterile and infectious inflammation.

A novel mechanical mitral valve replacement using Sapien XT.

Patient Presentation: We report the case of a 66 year old female who presented to our institution fourteen years after receiving a St. Jude Mechanical Mitral Valve Replacement. She presented in refractory NYHA class IV congestive heart failure with comorbidities of acute renal failure, liver failure, and mental status changes.