Nutritional optimization of fecal microbiota transplantation in humans: a scoping review.

Diet constitutes a major source of nutrient flow to the gut microbes. As such, it can be used to help shape the gut microbiome. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an increasingly promising therapy in disease states beyond recurrent infection, but diet is largely overlooked for its potential to help optimize this therapy.

Evaluating genetic counseling session duration: A scoping review of patient care time, influencing factors, and impact on patient outcomes.

One key element of evaluating the quality of a genetic counseling session is the measurement of its efficiency, yet limited research exists on how the genetic counseling process relates to time and which elements contribute to improved quality of care. A scoping review was undertaken to document studies that have reported genetic counseling patient care time and provide a landscape of the average patient care time, which factors impact patient care time, and how patient care time relates to experiences and outcomes. Twenty-five studies met criteria and were included.

Engaging communities: A scoping literature review of community-based participatory research in genetics service delivery settings.

Genetic counseling (GC) services have the potential to improve health outcomes, yet there are documented disparities in the use of GC services among minoritized racial/ethnic populations. Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is an approach to integrate diverse patient perspectives to improve GC services. The objective of this review was to assess the current state of international CBPR within GC and genetics services from 2006 to 2023.

The State of National Institute of Health Awards for funding genetic counseling research, resources, and training over the past decade.

Research related to the practice of genetic counseling has historically been accomplished through student projects, small private grants, or as a part of a larger research study. Yet, recent initiatives supported by the National Society of Genetic Counselors and the National Human Genome Research Institute have recognized and promoted the need for additional genetic counseling research funding and training. In this study, we aimed to characterize awards from the United States' National Institutes of Health (NIH) over the past 10 years that support research related to genetic counseling.

Genetic etiologies and diagnostic methods for congenital ventriculomegaly and hydrocephalus: A scoping review.

Background: Congenital hydrocephalus (CH) is a life-threatening neurological condition that results from an imbalance in production, flow, or absorption of cerebrospinal fluid. Predicted outcomes from in utero diagnosis are frequently unclear. Moreover, conventional treatments consisting primarily of antenatal and postnatal surgeries are often unsuccessful, leading to high mortality rates.

Genetic counseling processes and strategies for racially and ethnically diverse populations: A systematic review.

Genetic counseling outcomes are influenced by the processes and strategies used by counselors, yet little is known about how these strategies directly impact patients and populations. In particular, tailoring genetic counseling consultations to best meet the needs of cultural, racial, and ethnically diverse populations has been explored. This review aims to identify genetic counseling strategies tailored for a diversity of racial and ethnic populations with the goal to find ways to improve genetic counseling outcomes.

A scoping review of interventions increasing screening and diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia.

Purpose: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is one of the most common genetic conditions, with a prevalence of approximately 1 in 250 individuals. If left untreated, FH greatly increases risk for cardiovascular disease and premature death. Currently, FH is largely underdiagnosed and interventions are needed to increase identification.

Reciprocal Associations Between Maternal Smoking Cessation and Breastfeeding.

Pregnancy is a motivating factor to quit smoking, but many women relapse postpartum. The underlying mechanisms and the necessary duration of breastfeeding that provide long-term protection against postpartum smoking relapse are unknown. We aimed to examine (1) associations of smoking cessation with breastfeeding initiation and duration; (2) necessary breastfeeding duration to reduce or prevent risk of postpartum smoking relapse.

Prenatal predictors of postpartum depression trajectories from birth to 24 months amongst smoking women.

Aims And Objectives: We aimed to identify postpartum depression (PPD) trajectories and examine relevant predictors amongst smoking women.

Background: PPD can adversely affect families. Predictors of PPD trajectories amongst smoking women are understudied.

Making the case for librarian expertise to support evidence synthesis for the sustainable development goals.

Evidence syntheses that engage librarians as co-authors produce higher-quality results than those that do not. Trained as teachers, researchers, and information managers, librarians possess expert knowledge on research methodologies and information retrieval approaches that are critical for evidence synthesis. Researchers are under increasing pressure to produce evidence syntheses to inform practice and policymaking.

The role of race and ethnicity in views toward and participation in genetic studies and precision medicine research in the United States: A systematic review of qualitative and quantitative studies.

Background: Racial/ethnic minority populations in the United States are consistently underrepresented in genetic research. Large-scale public participation is required to ensure discoveries from precision medicine research are applicable to everyone. To evaluate views toward and facilitators of participation among minority populations in the United States, we conducted a systematic review of literature.

Effects of oats on gastrointestinal health as assessed by in vitro, animal, and human studies.

Oats are uniquely nutritious, owing to their composition of bioactive compounds, lipids, and β-glucan. Scientific research has established that oats can improve diet quality, reduce cholesterol, regulate satiety, and protect against carcinogenesis in the colon; however, determining the effects of oats on gastrointestinal health and the gut microbiome is a newer, evolving area of research. To better understand the effects of oats on gastrointestinal health in humans, a literature review with predefined search criteria was conducted using the PubMed database and keywords for common gastrointestinal health outcomes.

Impact of Cooking and Home Food Preparation Interventions Among Adults: A Systematic Review (2011-2016).

Objective: To update a review of the impact of interventions for adults that included a cooking component on diet, health, and psychosocial outcomes.

Design: A total of 3,047 records were identified by searching MEDLINE, Agricola, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (January, 2011 to March, 2016). A total of 34 articles met inclusion and exclusion criteria for analysis.