Pharmacotherapy considerations for pediatric acute agitation management in the emergency department.

Purpose: To review the current literature regarding the pharmacological management of acute agitation in pediatric patients and practical considerations when comparing agents for empiric use in the emergency department (ED).

Summary: ED providers play an integral role in the management of acute agitation in pediatric patients. The development of acute agitation is multifactorial, and patients may quickly escalate upon arrival or while boarding in the ED.