Urine biomarkers of acute kidney injury and association with brain MRI abnormalities in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Objective: Determine whether urine biomarkers NGAL (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin), KIM-1 (kidney injury molecule 1) and IL-18 (interleukin-18) are associated with abnormal MRI findings in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) who underwent therapeutic hypothermia (TH).

Study Design: Secondary analysis of a multicenter, prospective study of neonates with HIE requiring TH. Urine biomarkers were obtained at 12 and 24 h of life (HOL).

Potential Adjuncts to Therapeutic Hypothermia to Mitigate Multiorgan Injury in Perinatal Hypoxia-Ischemia.

Over the last 2 decades, therapeutic hypothermia has become the standard of care to reduce morbidity and mortality in neonates affected by moderate-to-severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). There is a significant interest in improving the neurologic outcomes of neonatal HIE, ranging from adjunctive therapy to therapeutic hypothermia. Importantly, the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying HIE also affect multiple other organs, contributing to high morbidity and mortality in this patient population.

Neonatal acute kidney injury during indomethacin therapy: does it predict ductal closure?

Background: Preterm newborns are at risk for patent ductus arteriosus, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are often used to facilitate patent ductus arteriosus closure. Acute kidney injury is common in critically ill neonates and may be caused by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. We sought to describe the incidence of acute kidney injury among preterm infants receiving indomethacin and determine whether acute kidney injury during indomethacin therapy is associated with subsequent patent ductus arteriosus closure.

Traumatic rupture of a hemorrhagic hepatic cyst: a case presentation and literature review.

Hemorrhagic hepatic cyst with or without rupture is rare cause of acute abdomen with less than 20 cases reported in the literature. A standardardized management algorithm is currently not present, but literature suggests surgical management is ideal for definitive treatment and successful patient outcome. We report a case of a 39-year-old female with a chief complaint of sudden onset abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting.

The efficacy of calcium carbonate in the treatment of protease inhibitor-induced persistent diarrhea in HIV-infected patients.

Background: Although some evidence exists to support the practice of using calcium carbonate to treat nelfinavir-induced diarrhea, there is a lack of data supporting the role of calcium in diarrhea induced by other protease inhibitors (PIs).

Purpose: The objective of this prospective open-label study is to evaluate the efficacy of calcium carbonate in the treatment of PI-induced persistent diarrhea in HIV-infected patients.

Method: Along with dietary advice, patients were asked to take oral calcium carbonate 500 mg twice daily for 2 weeks.