Purpose: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the leading cause of death in women, yet it remains underdiagnosed, undertreated, and understudied in women compared with men. Although estrogen has provided observational evidence of cardioprotection, randomized controlled trials using hormone replacement therapy have generally produced unfavorable results.
Methods: For this narrative review, a literature search was performed using the key words cardiovascular disease, women, and dyslipidemia in PubMed and Google Scholar with no date limitations.