Pain Reduction Emergency Protocol: A Prospective Study Evaluating Impact of a Nurse-initiated Protocol on Pain Management and Parental Satisfaction.

Objectives: Pain control remains suboptimal in pediatric emergency departments (EDs). Only 60% of pediatric patients requiring pain medications receive them in the ED, with an average time of administration being 90 minutes after arrival. Although pain protocols (PP) have been proposed and evaluated in children with long-bone fractures, data on PP utility for general pediatric patients with acute pain are limited.

A fixed-dose ketamine protocol for adolescent sedations in a pediatric emergency department.

Objectives: To assess provider and patient satisfaction with a fixed-dose ketamine protocol for procedural sedation of adolescent subjects. We further compared data for normal weight (body mass index [BMI] ≤ 25 kg/m(2)) vs overweight/obese subjects (BMI >25 kg/m(2)).

Study Design: Prospective, observational cohort study of adolescent patients undergoing procedural sedation in a pediatric emergency department.

The effect of simulation training on PALS skills among family medicine residents.

Background And Objectives: The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education requires that family medicine residents receive structured skills training on pediatric advanced life support (PALS) and should learn procedures for medical emergencies in patients of all ages. Traditional methods of training family medicine residents in PALS is challenging given their limited clinical exposure to critically ill patients. The primary objective of this study was to assess the effect of a 2-hour PALS training session utilizing high-fidelity mannequins on residents' psychomotor skills performances.