Investigating the Poverty-Reducing Effects of SNAP on Non-nutritional Family Outcomes: A Scoping Review.

Introduction/purpose: Poverty-reduction efforts that seek to support households with children and enable healthy family functioning are vital to produce positive economic, health, developmental, and upward mobility outcomes. The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is an effective poverty-reduction policy for individuals and families. This study investigated the non-nutritional effects that families experience when receiving SNAP benefits.

An Assessment of Blood Vessel Remodeling of Nanofibrous Poly(ε-Caprolactone) Vascular Grafts in a Rat Animal Model.

The development of an ideal vascular prosthesis represents an important challenge in terms of the treatment of cardiovascular diseases with respect to which new materials are being considered that have produced promising results following testing in animal models. This study focuses on nanofibrous polycaprolactone-based grafts assessed by means of histological techniques 10 days and 6 months following suturing as a replacement for the rat aorta. A novel stereological approach for the assessment of cellular distribution within the graft thickness was developed.

Control of Orthodontic Tooth Movement by Nitric Oxide Releasing Nanoparticles in Sprague-Dawley Rats.

Unlabelled: Orthodontic treatment commonly requires the need to prevent movement of some teeth while maximizing movement of other teeth. This study aimed to investigate the influence of locally injected nitric oxide (NO) releasing nanoparticles on orthodontic tooth movement in rats.

Materials And Methods: Experimental tooth movement was achieved with nickel-titanium alloy springs ligated between the maxillary first molar and ipsilateral incisor.

A case study exploring associations between popular media attention of scientific research and scientific citations.

The association between mention of scientific research in popular media (e.g., the mainstream media or social media platforms) and scientific impact (e.

S-Nitroso--Acetyl-D-Penicillamine Modified Hyperbranched Polyamidoamine for High-Capacity Nitric Oxide Storage and Release.

Synthetic nitric oxide (NO)-donating materials have been shown to have many beneficial effects when incorporated into biomedical materials. When released in the correct dosage, NO has been shown to increase the biocompatibility of blood and tissue contacting materials, but materials are often limited in the amount of NO that can be administered over a period of time. To address this, hyperbranched polyamidoamine (HPAMAM) was modified with the S-nitrosothiol, S-nitroso--acetyl-D-penicillamine, and nitrosated to form a controlled, high-capacity NO-donating compound (SNAP-HPAMAM).

Synthesis and Characterization of Controlled Nitric Oxide Release from -Nitroso--Acetyl-d-Penicillamine Covalently Linked to Polyvinyl Chloride (SNAP-PVC).

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is one of the most widely used polymers in medicine but has very poor biocompatibility when in contact with tissue or blood. To increase biocompatibility, controlled release of nitric oxide (NO) can be utilized to mitigate and reduce the inflammatory response. A synthetic route is described where PVC is aminated to a specified degree and then further modified by covalently linking -nitroso--acetyl-d-penicillamine (SNAP) groups to the free primary amine sites to create a nitric oxide releasing polymer (SNAP-PVC).

Transition-Metal-Mediated Release of Nitric Oxide (NO) from S-Nitroso-N-acetyl-d-penicillamine (SNAP): Potential Applications for Endogenous Release of NO at the Surface of Stents Via Corrosion Products.

Nitric oxide (NO), identified over the last several decades in many physiological processes and pathways as both a beneficial and detrimental signaling molecule, has been the subject of extensive research. Physiologically, NO is transported by a class of donors known as S-nitrosothiols. Both endogenous and synthetic S-nitrosothiols have been reported to release NO during interactions with certain transition metals, primarily Cu(2+) and Fe(2+).

Synthesis and Characterization of the Novel Nitric Oxide (NO) Donating Compound, S-nitroso-N-acetyl-D-penicillamine Derivatized Cyclam (SNAP-Cyclam).

Nitric oxide (NO) has been heavily studied over the past two decades due to its multitude of physiological functions and its potential therapeutic promise. Of major interest is the desire to fabricate or coat implanted devices with an NO releasing material that will impart the appropriate dose and duration of NO release to positively mediate the biological response to the medical device, thereby improving its safety and efficacy. To date, this goal has not yet been achieved, despite very promising early research.

Fabrication and Short-Term in Vivo Performance of a Natural Elastic Lamina-Polymeric Hybrid Vascular Graft.

Although significant advances have been made in the development of artificial vascular grafts, small-diameter grafts still suffer from excessive platelet activation, thrombus formation, smooth muscle cell intimal hyperplasia, and high occurrences of restenosis. Recent discoveries demonstrating the excellent blood-contacting properties of the natural elastic lamina have raised the possibility that an acellular elastic lamina could effectively serve as a patent blood-contacting surface in engineered vascular grafts. However, the elastic lamina alone lacks the requisite mechanical properties to function as a viable vascular graft.

Real-Time Monitoring of Critical Care Analytes in the Bloodstream with Chemical Sensors: Progress and Challenges.

We review approaches and challenges in developing chemical sensor-based methods to accurately and continuously monitor levels of key analytes in blood related directly to the status of critically ill hospitalized patients. Electrochemical and optical sensor-based technologies have been pursued to measure important critical care species in blood [i.e.

Increasing mechanical strength of gelatin hydrogels by divalent metal ion removal.

The usage of gelatin hydrogel is limited due to its instability and poor mechanical properties, especially under physiological conditions. Divalent metal ions present in gelatin such as Ca(2+) and Fe(2+) play important roles in the gelatin molecule interactions. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of divalent ion removal on the stability and mechanical properties of gelatin gels with and without chemical crosslinking.

Novel device for continuous spatial control and temporal delivery of nitric oxide for in vitro cell culture.

Nitric oxide (NO) is an ubiquitous signaling molecule of intense interest in many physiological processes. Nitric oxide is a highly reactive free radical gas that is difficult to deliver with precise control over the level and timing that cells actually experience. We describe and characterize a device that allows tunable fluxes and patterns of NO to be generated across the surface upon which cells are cultured.

S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) derivatization of peptide primary amines to create inducible nitric oxide donor biomaterials.

An S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) derivatization approach was used to modify existing free primary amines found in fibrin (a natural protein-based biomaterial) to generate a controlled nitric oxide (NO) releasing scaffold material. The duration of the derivatization reaction affects the NO release kinetics, the induction of controlled NO-release, hydrophobicity, swelling behavior, elastic moduli, rheometric character, and degradation behavior. These properties were quantified to determine changes in fibrin hydrogels following covalent attachment of SNAP.

Fabrication and characterization of a nitric oxide-releasing nanofibrous gelatin matrix.

Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in cardiovascular homeostasis, immune responses, and wound repair. The pro-angiogenic and antimicrobial properties of NO has stimulated the development of NO-releasing materials for wound dressings. Gelatin, an abundant natural biodegradable polymer derived from collagen, is able to promote wound repair.

Syntheses, thermal reactivities, and computational studies of aryl-fused quinoxalenediynes: effect of extended benzannelation on Bergman cyclization energetics.

A series of [b]-fused 6,7-diethynylquinoxaline derivatives have been synthesized through an imine condensation strategy to examine the effect of extended benzannelation on the thermal reactivity of enediynes. Absorption and emission spectra of the highly conjugated quinoxalenediynes were red-shifted approximately 100-200 nm relative to those of 1,2-diethynylbenzene. Strong exotherms indicative of enediyne cyclization were observed by differential scanning calorimetry, while solution cyclizations in the presence of 1,4-cyclohexadiene confirmed C(1)-C(6) Bergman cyclization.

Wireless platform for controlled nitric oxide releasing optical fibers for mediating biological response to implanted devices.

Despite the documented potential to leverage nitric oxide generation to improve in vivo performance of implanted devices, a key limitation to current NO releasing materials tested thus far is that there has not been a means to modulate the level of NO release after it has been initiated. We report the fabrication of a wireless platform that uses light to release NO from a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) optical fiber coated with an S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine derivatized polydimethylsiloxane (SNAP-PDMS). We demonstrate that a VAOL-5GSBY4 LED (λ(dominant)=460 nm) can be used as a dynamic trigger to vary the level of NO released from 500 μm diameter coated PMMA.

S-Nitroso--acetyl-D-penicillamine covalently linked to polydimethylsiloxane (SNAP-PDMS) for use as a controlled photoinitiated nitric oxide release polymer.

Nitric oxide (NO) plays a critical role in the regulation of a wide variety of physiological processes. It is a potent inhibitor of platelet adhesion and aggregation, inhibits bacterial adhesion and proliferation, is implicated in mediating the inflammatory response toward implanted devices, plays a role in tumor growth and proliferation, and is a neurotransmitter. Herein, we describe the synthesis and NO-release properties of a modified polydimethylsiloxane that contains S-nitroso--acetyl-D-penicillamine covalently attached to the cross-linking agent (SNAP-DMS).