Heat stress and host-parasitoid interactions: lessons and opportunities in a changing climate.

Ongoing climate change is increasing the frequency and magnitude of high-temperature events (HTEs), causing heat stress in parasitoids and their hosts. We argue that HTEs and heat stress should be viewed in terms of the intersecting life cycles of host and parasitoid. Recent studies illustrate how the biological consequences of a given HTE may vary dramatically depending on its timing within these lifecycles.

Transverse Myelitis as a Presenting Symptom of Celiac Disease.

Celiac disease (CD) is associated with several neurological diseases. We report a case of a 25-year-old man with CD that was discovered during hospitalization for acute transverse myelitis. The diagnosis of CD was suspected after positive serological tests and was confirmed with duodenal biopsy.

Developmental timing of extreme temperature events (heat waves) disrupts host-parasitoid interactions.

When thermal tolerances differ between interacting species, extreme temperature events (heat waves) will alter the ecological outcomes. The parasitoid wasp suffers high mortality when reared throughout development at temperatures that are nonstressful for its host, . However, the effects of short-term heat stress during parasitoid development are unknown in this host-parasitoid system.