Designing a Leadership Curriculum for Otolaryngology Residents: A Mixed Methods Needs Assessment.

Objectives: Perform a needs assessment for a novel leadership curriculum for otolaryngology residents.

Design: Cross-sectional, mixed-methods analysis.

Setting: Academic medical center.

Sex Differences in Obstructive Patterns on Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy.

Objective: To identify and characterize sex differences in collapse patterns on drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Study Design: Retrospective cohort analysis.

Setting: An outpatient tertiary care academic medical center.

Demographics of Adults With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Who Undergo Nasal Surgery.

Objective: To assess the demographic characteristics between adult obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients who did and did not undergo nasal surgery (NS).

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Kaiser Permanente Northern California clinical database.

What are the Predictors of Success with Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation?

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects up to 4% of the adult population. Hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HNS) was approved by the FDA in 2014 as a treatment option for patients with moderate to severe OSA who cannot tolerate CPAP and, since that time, studies have focused on predicting response to this therapy. This review summarizes the relevant literature assessing factors that predict HNS success including therapeutic response and device adherence.

Patient Reported Outcome Measures used in Surgical Evaluation of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review.

Objective: To identify patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) used to measure adult obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)-related quality of life in sleep surgery and analyze key psychometric properties in the original design and development of each PROM.

Data Sources: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, PsychINFO, and CINAHL.

Review Methods: A systematic review was performed using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Analysis of Internet-Based Written Materials on Surgery for Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Objective: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has many treatment options and the Internet is an important resource for patients. The quality of information reviewed by patients about sleep surgery is unknown. We assessed readability, accessibility, actionability, and quality of online content for OSA surgeries.

Sociodemographic and Healthcare System Barriers to PAP Alternatives for Adult OSA: A Scoping Review.

Objective: To investigate sociodemographic and healthcare system barriers to access and utilization of alternative treatments to positive airway pressure (PAP) in the management of adult obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Data Sources: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched from 2003 to 2023 for English-language studies containing original data on sociodemographic and healthcare system barriers to PAP-alternative treatments for adult OSA.

Review Methods: Studies were assessed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines.

Sex Differences in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Including Pregnancy and Response to Treatment.

This article highlights the sex differences in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and sheds light on the varying presentations, diagnostic challenges, as well as treatment responses observed in men and women. The disparities in prevalence, manifestations, and therapeutic outcomes underscore the need for a nuanced approach to OSA diagnosis and management that considers sex-specific factors. Furthermore, this article highlights the importance of recognizing and treating OSA during pregnancy, as it poses unique challenges and potential risks to both maternal and fetal health.

Leadership Training Curriculum for Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Residents: A Scoping Review.

Objective: Otolaryngologists take on various leadership roles throughout their daily practice, but specific training focused on leadership development during otolaryngology-head and neck surgery (OHNS) residency is not well-defined. This project explores the current state of leadership curricula for OHNS residents.

Data Sources: Google Scholar, Embase, PubMed, and MedEdPORTAL.

Association of Pain Disorder and Psychiatric Disease With Surgical Management of Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Objective: Patients undergoing surgical management for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are likely medically distinct from their counterparts not treated surgically. This study examined the associations between psychiatric and pain comorbidities and the likelihood of undergoing sleep surgery.

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study of adults with OSA.

Characteristics of Adults Undergoing Soft Tissue and Orthognathic Surgery for Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Objective: To identify clinical and demographic characteristics of adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) undergoing soft tissue and orthognathic sleep surgery, assess temporal trends in surgery type and proportion of women undergoing surgery, and provide clinical perspective before wide-spread implementation of hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HGNS).

Methods: In a retrospective cohort study, adults diagnosed with OSA from 2009 to 2016 were identified in a large integrated healthcare system. Characteristics between cohort members who did and did not undergo sleep surgeries were compared.

International Consensus Statement on Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Background: Evaluation and interpretation of the literature on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) allows for consolidation and determination of the key factors important for clinical management of the adult OSA patient. Toward this goal, an international collaborative of multidisciplinary experts in sleep apnea evaluation and treatment have produced the International Consensus statement on Obstructive Sleep Apnea (ICS:OSA).

Methods: Using previously defined methodology, focal topics in OSA were assigned as literature review (LR), evidence-based review (EBR), or evidence-based review with recommendations (EBR-R) formats.

Representation of Race and Sex in Sleep Surgery Studies.

Objective: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent disorder with many treatment modalities, including surgical intervention. While OSA is known to be more prevalent in males and Black Americans, the representation of race and sex in sleep surgery studies is unknown. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the race and sex demographics represented in sleep surgery studies relative to known OSA demographics.

Survey of Pediatric Otolaryngology Frenotomy Practice Patterns.

Objectives: Assess current frenotomy practice patterns of pediatric otolaryngologists via a cross-sectional survey.

Study Design: Survey study.

Methods: A 31-question electronic survey assessing frenotomy practice patterns was distributed to all American Society of Pediatric Otolaryngology (ASPO) members.

Patient-Defined Goals for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment.

Objectives: To characterize the treatment goals and values of adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Study Design: Mixed methods design based on semistructured interviews followed by cross-sectional surveys.

Setting: Academic medical center and integrated managed care consortium.

Ten-year Thyroid Cancer Incidence in an Integrated Healthcare Delivery System.

Introduction: The incidence of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) has increased in recent decades, but data from community-based settings are limited. This study characterizes PTC trends in a large, integrated healthcare system over 10 years.

Methods: The annual incidence of PTC (2006-2015) was examined among Kaiser Permanente Northern California adults aged 21 to 84 years using Cancer Registry data, including tumor size and stage.

The efficacy of surgery for upper airway resistance syndrome: A systematic review, meta-analysis and case series.

Purpose: Upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS) is a sleep related breathing disorder that was first described in 1993. This goal of this study is to determine the efficacy of surgical intervention for UARS.

Materials And Methods: Systematic review of the literature and a case series of UARS patients at a large integrated healthcare system.

Otolaryngology Resident Wellness, Training, and Education in the Early Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objective: To determine changes in the residency experience early in the COVID-19 pandemic and evaluate wellness measures among otolaryngology residents.

Methods: A web-based survey was administered to U.S.

Evolving Otolaryngology Resident Roles and Concerns at the Peak of the US COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: The roles of US otolaryngology residents have changed in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. As the pandemic peaked in the United States, we characterized resident activities and concerns.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of US otolaryngology residents between April 20, 2020 and May 2, 2020.

Otolaryngology Residency Interviews in a Socially Distanced World: Strategies to Recruit and Assess Applicants.

Due to concerns surrounding travel during the COVID-19 pandemic, the 2020-2021 otolaryngology residency application cycle will be conducted virtually for the first time. Residency programs should consider the logistics of video interviews, drawing on experiences of other programs that have successfully performed virtual interviews in the past. The lack of in-person interviews will create challenges in assessing applicants, and we recommend that programs develop structured and targeted questions and even consider having candidates answer standardized questions prior to the virtual interview day.

Topical nasal treatment efficacy on adult obstructive sleep apnea severity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Nasal obstruction is a common complaint in patients with sleep-disordered breathing and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Although topical nasal treatments (TNTs) have been shown to reduce nasal resistance and improve nasal obstruction, there is conflicting evidence regarding the role of TNTs in adult OSA. In this systematic review and meta-analysis we aim to evaluate the role of TNTs in adults with OSA.

Risk of Mortality between Untreated and Treated Papillary Thyroid Cancer: A Matched Cohort Analysis.

Objectives: To examine the association between treatment status and mortality risk among patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC).

Methods: We identified 3,679 adults with PTC. Thirty-one untreated patients were matched to 155 treated patients.

Understanding the natural history of papillary thyroid cancer: Case series.

Background: Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) incidence continues to rise. We describe the natural history of untreated PTC patients.

Methods: Retrospective case series of 31 untreated PTC patients.

Diagnostic techniques and surgical outcomes for persistent pediatric obstructive sleep apnea after adenotonsillectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of upper airway surgery for children with persistent obstructive sleep apnea after adenotonsillectomy and to assess sleep study outcomes when Drug Induced Sleep Endoscopy, Cine MRI, or other imaging procedure is performed to assist in identifying the location of obstruction and planning surgery.

Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis was performed. Inclusion criteria was English-language studies with original data including pediatric patients with persistent OSA after T&A.