Teaching College in the Time of COVID-19: Gender and Race Differences in Faculty Emotional Labor.

Unlabelled: The COVID-19 pandemic placed new teaching demands upon faculty that may have exacerbated existing race and gender disparities in the amount of emotional labor they perform. The present study surveyed 182 full-time tenured and tenure-track faculty from three small private liberal arts colleges to examine the effect of social and professional statuses on emotional labor (i.e.

Coaching paraeducators to implement functional communication training involving augmentative and alternative communication for students with autism spectrum disorder.

Paraeducators play an important role in assisting teachers and other professionals to support students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), including delivering positive behavioral supports to those students who engage in persistent challenging behavior. The purpose of this multiple baseline design across participants study was to support paraeducators to implement functional communication training (FCT) to address challenging behavior among three students with ASD who used augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). Paraeducators implemented FCT with high levels of fidelity after participating in an initial training session and follow-up coaching and generally found the initial training and coaching strategies to be effective and feasible.

Quorum Sensing Regulators AphA and OpaR Control Expression of the Operon Responsible for Biosynthesis of the Compatible Solute Ectoine.

To maintain the turgor pressure of the cell under high osmolarity, bacteria accumulate small organic compounds called compatible solutes, either through uptake or biosynthesis. , a marine halophile and an important human and shellfish pathogen, has to adapt to abiotic stresses such as changing salinity. contains multiple compatible solute biosynthesis and transporter systems, including the operon required for ectoine biosynthesis.

CRISPR-Cas and Contact-Dependent Secretion Systems Present on Excisable Pathogenicity Islands with Conserved Recombination Modules.

Pathogenicity islands (PAIs) are mobile integrated genetic elements that contain a diverse range of virulence factors. PAIs integrate into the host chromosome at a tRNA locus that contains their specific bacterial attachment site, , via integrase-mediated site-specific recombination generating and sites. We identified conserved recombination modules (integrases and sites) previously described in choleragenic PAIs but with novel cargo genes.

Quorum Sensing Regulators Are Required for Metabolic Fitness in Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

Quorum sensing (QS) is a process by which bacteria alter gene expression in response to cell density changes. In species, at low cell density, the sigma 54-dependent response regulator LuxO is active and regulates the two QS master regulators AphA, which is induced, and OpaR, which is repressed. At high cell density the opposite occurs: LuxO is inactive, and therefore OpaR is induced while AphA is repressed.

Pathogenicity Island Cross Talk Mediated by Recombination Directionality Factors Facilitates Excision from the Chromosome.

Unlabelled: Pathogenicity islands (PAIs) are mobile integrated genetic elements (MIGEs) that contain a diverse range of virulence factors and are essential in the evolution of pathogenic bacteria. PAIs are widespread among bacteria and integrate into the host genome, commonly at a tRNA locus, via integrase-mediated site-specific recombination. The excision of PAIs is the first step in the horizontal transfer of these elements and is not well understood.

Post-Genomic Analysis of Members of the Family Vibrionaceae.

Similar to other genera and species of bacteria, whole genomic sequencing has revolutionized how we think about and address questions of basic Vibrio biology. In this review we examined 36 completely sequenced and annotated members of the Vibrionaceae family, encompassing 12 different species of the genera Vibrio, Aliivibrio, and Photobacterium. We reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships among representatives of this group of bacteria by using three housekeeping genes and 16S rRNA sequences.

Risk and resilience factors associated with posttraumatic stress in ethno-racially diverse National Guard members in Hawai׳i.

This study examinedrisk and resilience factors associated with posttraumatic stress symptomatology (PTSS) in an ethno-racially diverse sample of Hawai׳i National Guard members comprised of Native Hawaiians, Filipino Americans, Japanese Americans, and European Americans. In the full sample, identifying as Japanese American and higher scores on measures of perceived social support and psychological resilience were negatively associated with PTSS, while Army Guard (vs. Air Guard) status and stronger family norms against disclosing mental health problems were positively associated with PTSS.

Sequence and expression divergence of an ancient duplication of the chaperonin groESEL operon in Vibrio species.

Heat-shock proteins are molecular chaperones essential for protein folding, degradation and trafficking. The human pathogen Vibrio vulnificus encodes a copy of the groESEL operon in both chromosomes and these genes share <80 % similarity with each other. Comparative genomic analysis was used to determine whether this duplication is prevalent among Vibrionaceae specifically or Gammaproteobacteria in general.

Mobile effector proteins on phage genomes.

Bacteriophage genomes found in a range of bacterial pathogens encode a diverse array of virulence factors ranging from superantigens or pore forming lysins to numerous exotoxins. Recent studies have uncovered an entirely new class of bacterial virulence factors, called effector proteins or effector toxins, which are encoded within phage genomes that reside among several pathovars of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica. These effector proteins have multiple domains resulting in proteins that can be multifunctional.