sp. nov., isolated from faeces of alpacas () and cattle (), sp. nov., and sp. nov., isolated from respiratory tract of California sea lions ().

Four novel independent strains of spp. were isolated from faeces of alpaca (SL1232), cattle (KCJ4950), and from respiratory tract of wild California sea lions (CSL7508, CSL7591). The strains were indole-, oxidase- and catalase-negative, non-spore-forming, non-motile Gram-positive cocci in short and long chains, facultative anaerobes.

sp. nov., isolated from oral cavity of northern elephant seal ().

Two independent strains of a species (ES3154-GLU and ES2714_GLU) were isolated from the oral cavity of northern elephant seals () that were admitted to The Marine Mammal Centre facilities in California, USA. The strains were isolated from oral swabs by cultivation in PPLO broth supplemented with serum, penicillin and colistin in anaerobic conditions. The strains were Gram-negative, pleomorphic, indole-, oxidase- and catalase-negative, non-spore-forming, non-motile rods/coccobacilli in short chains.

Neisseria zalophi sp. nov., isolated from oral cavity of California sea lions (Zalophus californianus).

Three independent strains of Neisseria sp. were isolated from the oral cavity of California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) that were admitted to The Marine Mammal Center facilities in California, USA. The strains were isolated from oral swabs by cultivation on Trypticase Soy agar with 5% sheep blood under aerobic conditions.

Lactobacillus brantae sp. nov., isolated from faeces of Canada geese (Branta canadensis).

Three strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from the faeces of apparently healthy wild Canada geese (Branta canadensis) in 2010 by cultivating faecal LAB on Rogosa SL agar under aerobic conditions. These three isolates were found to share 99.9 % gene sequence similarity of their 16S rRNA, their 16S-23S intergenic transcribed spacer region (ITS), partial 23S rRNA, rpoB, rpoC, rpoA and pheS gene sequences.