Red blood cell mannoses as phagocytic ligands mediating both sickle cell anaemia and malaria resistance.

In both sickle cell disease and malaria, red blood cells (RBCs) are phagocytosed in the spleen, but receptor-ligand pairs mediating uptake have not been identified. Here, we report that patches of high mannose N-glycans (ManGlcNAc), expressed on diseased or oxidized RBC surfaces, bind the mannose receptor (CD206) on phagocytes to mediate clearance. We find that extravascular hemolysis in sickle cell disease correlates with high mannose glycan levels on RBCs.

Similarities and differences in surface receptor expression by THP-1 monocytes and differentiated macrophages polarized using seven different conditioning regimens.

Macrophages are key in orchestrating immune responses to micro-environmental stimuli, sensed by a complex set of surface receptors. The human cell line THP-1 has a monocytic phenotype, including the ability to differentiate into macrophages, providing a tractable, standardised surrogate for human monocyte-derived macrophages. Here we assessed the expression of 49 surface markers including Fc, complement, C-type lectin and scavenger receptors; TIMs; Siglecs; and co-stimulatory molecules by flow cytometry on both THP-1 monocytes and macrophages and following macrophage activation with seven standard conditioning/polarizing stimuli.

Exteriorisation of Mannoses on Human Erythrocyte Membrane Skeleton Provides 'Eat Me' Signals for Oxidatively Damaged Cells to be Cleared By Macrophages: A Pathway Mediating Hemolysis in Sickle Cell Disease.

Vickers: University of Aberdeen: Patents & Royalties: About to apply for patent. Barker: University of Aberdeen: Employment, Patents & Royalties: About to apply for patent. Cao: University of Aberdeen: Patents & Royalties: About to apply for patent.