Publications by authors named "Meg Carley"
Background: Patient decision aids (PtDAs) are effective interventions to help people participate in health care decisions. Although there are quality standards, PtDAs are complex interventions with variability in their attributes.
Purpose: To determine and compare the effects of PtDA attributes (e.
Introduction: Patient decision aids (PtDAs) are evidence-based interventions to help people faced with difficult healthcare decisions. Little is known about their effectiveness in people facing diabetes related decisions.
Methods: Secondary analysis of RCTs from 2024 Cochrane review of PtDAs, comparing decisions aids on diabetes screening, prevention or treatment to usual care (e.
Article Synopsis
- Preclinical studies highlight the importance of glial cells in pain mechanisms, leading to a systematic review of human trials on glia-modulating drugs for pain treatment.
- The review included 26 trials with a total of 2,132 participants, focusing on the effects of drugs like minocycline and pentoxifylline, but found significant variability among studies and no conclusive evidence of effectiveness.
- Future research is encouraged to identify optimal glial-targeted drugs, the ideal timing and duration for their use, and improved designs for clinical trials to better assess their potential in pain management.
Background: Co-production is a collaborative approach to prepare, plan, conduct, and apply research with those who will use or be impacted by research (knowledge users). Our team of knowledge users and researchers sought to conduct and evaluate co-production of a systematic review on decision coaching.
Methods: We conducted a mixed-methods case study within a review to describe team co-production of a systematic review.
Background: When people who can use or benefit from research findings are engaged as partners on study teams, the quality and impact of findings are better. These people can include patients/consumers and clinicians who do not identify as researchers. They are referred to as "knowledge users".
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDecision aids for people facing health treatment or screening decisions.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev
January 2024
Article Synopsis
- * This update of a Cochrane review examines the impact of these aids on adults making treatment or screening decisions, drawing on data from multiple health databases up to March 2022.
- * The review includes randomized controlled trials comparing decision aids to standard care, measuring outcomes such as informed choices, knowledge level, decision confidence, and healthcare system impacts.
Background: Given the widespread recognition that postsurgical movement-evoked pain is generally more intense, and more functionally relevant, than pain at rest, the authors conducted an update to a previous 2011 review to re-evaluate the assessment of pain at rest and movement-evoked pain in more recent postsurgical analgesic clinical trials.
Methods: The authors searched MEDLINE and Embase for postsurgical pain randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses published between 2014 and 2023 in the setting of thoracotomy, knee arthroplasty, and hysterectomy using methods consistent with the original 2011 review. Included trials and meta-analyses were characterized according to whether they acknowledged the distinction between pain at rest and movement-evoked pain and whether they included pain at rest and/or movement-evoked pain as a pain outcome.
Introduction: Parents of infants and young children newly diagnosed with differences of sex development (DSD) commonly face medical and psychosocial management decisions at a time when they are first learning about the condition and cannot consult their child for input. The aim of this study was to identify areas of greatest need for parental decisional support.
Methods: 34 parents of children receiving care for DSD at one of three US children's hospitals participated in a survey to learn what clinical and psychosocial decisions needed to be made on behalf of their child.
Introduction: Parents and guardians of infants and young children with differences of sex development (DSD) often face numerous health and social decisions about their child's condition. While proxy health decisions can be stressful in any circumstance, they are further exacerbated in this clinical context by significant variations in clinical presentation, parental lack of knowledge about DSD, irreversibility of some options (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To identify and appraise the quality of COVID-19 patient decision aids (PtDAs).
Methods: We conducted an environmental scan of online publicly available COVID-19 PtDAs. Two reviewers independently searched and extracted data.
Purpose: To evaluate the acceptability of the pan-Canadian Oncology Symptom Triage and Remote Support (COSTaRS) open-access online tutorial and its impact on nurses' knowledge and perceived confidence in symptom management.
Methods: Retrospective pre-/post-test evaluation of nurses who completed the tutorial knowledge test and/or acceptability survey. The tutorial was modeled after the previously evaluated in-person workshop to prepare nurses providing cancer symptom management using COSTaRS practice guides.
Background: Never before COVID-19 had Canadians faced making health-related decisions in a context of significant uncertainty. However, little is known about which type of decisions and the types of difficulties that they faced.
Objective: We sought to identify the health-related decisions and decisional needs of Canadians.
Introduction: Parents of infants born with differences in sex development (DSD) face many difficult decisions. As part of a larger project designed to develop educational interventions to promote shared decision making, this study assessed healthcare professionals' (HCPs) perceptions of parental decision-making needs when an infant is born with a DSD.
Methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey following the Ottawa Decision Support Framework was conducted in two waves, between October 2020 and June 2022.
Neuropathic pain causes substantial morbidity and healthcare utilization. Monotherapy with antidepressants or anticonvulsants often fails to provide relief. Combining different drugs sometimes provides improved analgesia and/or tolerability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Evidence suggests a role for Central nervous system glia in pain transmission and in augmenting maladaptive opioid effects. Identification of drugs that modulate glia has guided the evaluation of glial suppression as a pain management strategy. This planned systematic review will describe evidence of the efficacy and adverse effects of glial-modulating drugs in pain management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Decision coaching is non-directive support delivered by a healthcare provider to help patients prepare to actively participate in making a health decision. 'Healthcare providers' are considered to be all people who are engaged in actions whose primary intent is to protect and improve health (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Chronic postsurgical pain can severely impair patient health and quality of life. This systematic review update evaluated the effectiveness of systemic drugs to prevent chronic postsurgical pain.
Methods: The authors included double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized controlled trials including adults that evaluated perioperative systemic drugs.
The pan-Canadian Oncology Symptom Triage and Remote Support (COSTaRS) practice guides present evidence on symptom management in user-friendly formats and using plain language. The aim of this work is to summarize changes to the practice guides based on new evidence including management specific to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). A systematic review of literature was conducted to identify clinical practice guidelines and systematic reviews.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA quality improvement project was conducted to determine the quality of telephone nursing for patients with cancer symptoms. Eligible patients were ones who telephoned the nurse about cancer symptom(s) within four weeks prior to an emergency department (ED) visit not requiring hospital admission. Experienced oncology nurses extracting data indicated appropriateness of ED visits and opportunities for improvement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To determine the quality of cancer symptom management when evidence from clinical practice guidelines are used in telephone-based oncology nursing services.
Methods: Guided by the Knowledge to Action Framework, we conducted a quality improvement (QI) project focused on "monitoring knowledge use" (e.g.
Background: There are multiple options for men diagnosed with localized prostate cancer. Patient decision aids (PtDAs) help empower individuals and reduce unwarranted practice variation, but few are used in clinical practice.
Objective: We compared 2 programs implementing PtDAs for men with localized prostate cancer.
Objective: To evaluate the Ottawa Decision Support Tutorial (ODST), an open-access shared decision making educational program.
Methods: We conducted a post-test study. Eligible participants completed a knowledge test and/or acceptability survey after completing ODST version 1 (2007-2013), version 2 (2013-2015), or version 3 (2015-2017).