Agglutination and hemolytic crossmatching to determine transfusion reaction differences between large and small breed goats.

Background: Blood transfusions are performed frequently in goats, but crossmatches are rarely performed.

Hypothesis/objectives: Determine differences in the frequency of agglutination and hemolytic crossmatch reactions between large and small breed goats.

Animals: Healthy adult goats, 10 large and 10 small breed.

Blood chemistry and rectal temperature changes in a population of healthy, fall-born, suckling beef calves from birth to 72 h of age.

To determine changes in suckling neonatal beef calf blood chemistry and body temperature during the first 72 h of life, jugular blood samples and rectal temperatures were obtained from 24 healthy, fall-born Angus-cross and Hereford calves (average calving date = September 11) at 0 (after standing, but pre-suckling), 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h postnatally. Serum chemistry panels were conducted, and plasma triglycerides and serum non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) were also determined. Data were analyzed using sampling hour as a repeated effect, and individual data points were compared to adult bovine reference intervals.

Diarrhea outbreak associated with coronavirus infection in adult dairy goats.

Background: Infection by coronaviruses cause gastrointestinal disease in many species. Little is known about its prevalence and importance in goats.

Objective: Identify the etiology, demographics, and clinical features of an outbreak of diarrhea in adult goats.

Skin disease in goats (Capra aegagrus hircus): a retrospective study of 358 cases at a university veterinary teaching hospital (1988-2020).

Background: Goats are important worldwide as a source of milk, meat, fibre and hide, and as show animals and pets.

Hypothesis/objectives: To document the type, signalment associations and prevalence of skin disease in a referral hospital population.

Animals: Case population at a university veterinary teaching hospital.

In-vitro antibiotic resistance phenotypes of respiratory and enteric bacterial isolates from weaned dairy heifers in California.

Antimicrobial drug (AMD) use for bovine respiratory disease (BRD) continues to be concerning for development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in respiratory and enteric bacteria of cattle. This study aimed to provide data regarding AMR in respiratory isolates, and identify relationships between respiratory and enteric AMD susceptibility, in weaned dairy heifers. A cross-sectional study was performed between June of 2019 and February 2020, on 6 calf rearing facilities in California.

Lymphoplasmacytic and eosinophilic enteritis with or without globule leukocyte hyperplasia in 4 goats.

Four, mature, client-owned goats were presented to referral hospitals for recurrent diarrhea despite treatment for intestinal parasitism. Common clinical findings included diarrhea, poor condition, neutrophilia, and hypoalbuminemia. Testing for common infectious causes of diarrhea in goats was negative.

Hematologic Conditions of Small Ruminants.

Anemia is a clinically important syndrome in small ruminants. Anemia can be divided into regenerative and nonregenerative forms. Differentials for regenerative anemia include hemorrhage owing to gastrointestinal or external parasitism or hemostatic disorders, and hemolysis owing to infectious, osmotic, toxic, and nutritional causes.

Clinical management and outcomes for goats, sheep, and pigs hospitalized for treatment of burn injuries sustained in wildfires: 28 cases (2006, 2015, and 2018).

Objective: To characterize injuries and describe medical management and clinical outcomes of goats, sheep, and pigs treated at a veterinary medical teaching hospital for burn injuries sustained during wildfires.

Animals: Goats (n = 9), sheep (12), and pigs (7) that sustained burn injuries from wildfires.

Procedures: Medical records were searched to identify goats, sheep, and pigs that had burn injuries associated with California wildfires in 2006, 2015, and 2018.

Comparison of Standard Electrocardiography and Smartphone-Based Electrocardiography Recorded at Two Different Anatomic Locations in Healthy Meat and Dairy Breed Does.

Smartphones present multiple applications for ambulatory practice. One of the newer technologies is smartphone-based electrocardiography (ECG). While this technology has been explored in horses and cattle, it has not yet been evaluated for goats.

Efficacy of sodium iodide for prevention of respiratory disease in preweaned dairy calves.

Objective: To determine the pharmacokinetics of sodium iodide (NaI) following oral administration to preweaned dairy calves, and to assess the efficacy of NaI for prevention of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in preweaned calves at a commercial calf-raising facility.

Animals: 434 healthy preweaned dairy calves.

Procedures: In the first of 2 experimental trials, each of 7 calves received NaI (20 mg/kg, PO) once.

Neoplasia of the tubular genital tract in 42 goats.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of tubular genital tract neoplasia in does evaluated at 2 veterinary teaching hospitals; describe the main clinical, surgical, and histopathologic or necropsy findings in affected does; and assess factors potentially associated with short-term prognosis in these animals.

Animals: 42 does.

Procedures: Medical records of 2 veterinary teaching hospitals were searched to identify does with neoplasia of the tubular genital tract.

Pharmacokinetics and efficacy of intravenous famotidine in adult cattle.

Background: Abomasal ulceration is recognized in neonatal and adult cattle, but research regarding treatment is limited. Histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H RA), such as famotidine, are used clinically with little evidence-based research about efficacy in adult cattle.

Hypothesis And Objectives: Intravenous famotidine administered at 0.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Enteritis in Neonatal and Juvenile Ruminants.

Common causes of infectious enteritis in neonate and juvenile ruminants include viral, bacterial, and protozoal pathogens. The most common presenting sign in ruminants with infectious enteritis is diarrhea. Diagnosis of the cause of enteritis has important zoonotic and herd health implications.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Enteritis in Adult Ruminants.

Infectious enteritis in adult ruminants is often a result of 1 or more viral, bacterial, or parasitic pathogens. Diagnosis of etiologic agents causing enteritis is important when considering herd implications and zoonotic potential of some etiologies. Differential diagnoses for enteritis in adult ruminants is not simple based on clinical signs alone.

Transpalpebral exenteration in cattle: a retrospective study of 115 cases.

Objective: To describe the indications for exenteration and complications associated with the procedure.

Animals Studied: 115 cattle.

Procedures: Medical records of cattle presented for unilateral exenteration evaluated at the University of California, Davis Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital from January 1985 through December 2015 were reviewed.

Use of a percutaneous transabdominal catheter for management of obstructive urolithiasis in goats, sheep, and potbellied pigs: 69 cases (2000-2014).

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the use of a percutaneous transabdominal catheter (PTC) for urinary bladder drainage in goats, sheep, and potbellied pigs with obstructive urolithiasis. DESIGN Retrospective case series. ANIMALS 43 goats, 10 sheep, and 16 potbellied pigs (all males) with obstructive urolithiasis evaluated at the University of California-Davis Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital.

Acute phase proteins in healthy goats: establishment of reference intervals.

Acute inflammatory processes can trigger increased production of acute phase proteins (APPs) that can be useful biomarkers of inflammation. APPs are diverse and include proteins involved in coagulation, opsonization, iron regulation, and limitation of tissue injury. Haptoglobin, serum amyloid A, and alpha-1 acid glycoprotein have been proposed as useful APPs in goats.

Acute phase proteins in naturally occurring respiratory disease of feedlot cattle.

The aim of this study was to evaluate three acute phase proteins (APP) [haptoglobin (HPT), lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) and transferrin (Tf)] in feedlot cattle with naturally occurring respiratory disease diagnosed by a calf health scoring chart (CHSC). Seventy-seven beef calves were observed for signs of Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) during the first 28 days after arrival at the feedlot. Fourteen cases and pen matched controls were selected based on the CHSC.

Bluetongue virus infection activates bovine monocyte-derived macrophages and pulmonary artery endothelial cells.

Bluetongue virus (BTV) is the cause of bluetongue (BT), an emerging, arthropod-transmitted disease of ungulates. The cellular tropism of BTV in ruminants includes macrophages, dendritic cells and endothelial cells (ECs), and fulminant infection is characterized by lesions consistent with those of so-called viral hemorrhagic fevers. Specifically, BT is characterized by vascular injury with hemorrhage, tissue infarction and widespread edema.

Two cases of Neorickettsia (Ehrlichia) risticii infection in horses from Nova Scotia.

Two horses from Nova Scotia were diagnosed with Potomac horse fever (PHF). Polymerase chain reaction analysis was performed on formalin-fixed colon tissue or whole blood to show the presence of Neorickettsia risticii DNA, the causative agent of PHF. These are the first reported cases of PHF in the Maritime Provinces.