miRNA-mRNA Network in PBMCs of PCOS Women Identifies Overactivated Stress-Activated Kinases.

Background/aims: Earlier studies have revealed the miRNAs and mRNAs involved in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), but little is known about their regulatory networks.

Methods: To address this issue, we applied a comprehensive miRNA, mRNA profiling approach in peripheral blood of PCOS patients. We identified 30 differential miRNAs and 3310 differential transcripts.

Derailed peripheral circadian genes in polycystic ovary syndrome patients alters peripheral conversion of androgens synthesis.

Study Question: Do circadian genes exhibit an altered profile in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients and do they have a potential role in androgen excess?

Summary Answer: Our findings revealed that an impaired circadian clock could hamper the regulation of peripheral steroid metabolism in PCOS women.

What Is Known Already: PCOS patients exhibit features of metabolic syndrome. Circadian rhythm disruption is involved in the development of metabolic diseases and subfertility.

Time-in-range as a target in type 2 diabetes: An urgent need.

Time-in-range emerged as a valuable blood glucose metric, 'beyond HbA1c' for a deeper insight into glycemic control in people with diabetes. It denotes the proportion of time that a person's glucose level remains within the desired target range (usually 70-180 mg/dL or 3.9-10.

Evolution of Insulin Delivery Devices: From Syringes, Pens, and Pumps to DIY Artificial Pancreas.

The year 2021 will mark 100 years since the discovery of insulin. Insulin, the first medication to be discovered for diabetes, is still the safest and most potent glucose-lowering therapy. The major challenge of insulin despite its efficacy has been the occurrence of hypoglycemia, which has resulted in sub-optimal dosages being prescribed in the vast majority of patients.

Impaired Arginine Metabolism Coupled to a Defective Redox Conduit Contributes to Low Plasma Nitric Oxide in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Background: Though oxidative stress is associated with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), the status of nitric oxide is still unclear. Nitric Oxide (NO) plays pivotal roles in many physiological functions which are compromised in PCOS. Our recent study reveals lowered T-regulatory cells (Tregs) in PCOS, and Treg generation is known to be regulated by NO levels.

Reduced Tregs in peripheral blood of PCOS patients - a consequence of aberrant Il2 signaling.

Context: The immunesupressive action of CD4(+)CD25(+) CD127(-/low) T regulatory cells (Tregs) is vital for an efficient reproductive function. However no data exists on their number or functionality in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Objective: The study aimed to analyze the frequency of circulating Tregs and key factors modulating them in women with PCOS.