Role of Amphotericin B in the Treatment of Mucormycosis.

Background: Regardless of the most recent inclusion of mold-active agents (isavuconazole and posaconazole) to antifungal agents against mucormycosis, in conjunction with amphotericin B (AMB) items, numerous uncertainties still exist regarding the treatment of this rare infection. The order Mucorales contains a variety of fungi that cause the serious but uncommon fungal illness known as mucormycosis. The moulds are prevalent in nature and typically do not pose significant risks to people.

Artificial Intelligence for Computer-Aided Drug Discovery.

The continuous implementation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in multiple scientific domains and the rapid advancement in computer software and hardware, along with other parameters, have rapidly fuelled this development. The technology can contribute effectively in solving many challenges and constraints in the traditional development of the drug. Traditionally, large-scale chemical libraries are screened to find one promising medicine.

Ultrashort Peptide-Based Hydrogel for the Healing of Critical Bone Defects in Rabbits.

The use of hydrogels as scaffolds for three-dimensional (3D) cell growth is an active area of research in tissue engineering. Herein, we report the self-assembly of an ultrashort peptide, a tetrapeptide, Asp-Leu-IIe-IIe, the shortest peptide sequence from a highly fibrillogenic protein TDP-43, into the hydrogel. The hydrogel was mechanically strong and highly stable, with storage modulus values in MPa ranges.

Effect of Propranolol Prophylaxis on Headache Frequency in Children with Migraine Without Aura: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of propranolol prophylaxis with placebo on headache frequency in children with migraine over the 3-mo follow-up.

Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial children aged 6-12 y with newly diagnosed migraine without aura as per the International Classification for Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (ICHD-3) criteria were enroled. They were randomized to the intervention group receiving oral propranolol (1-3 mg/kg/d, BID) and the control group receiving a similar looking, inert, oral placebo for migraine prophylaxis for 3 mo.

Quantitative evaluation of mercury adsorption and removal efficacy of Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) powder in mice.

Spirulina is a blue-green alga, grown in alkaline water and used for detoxification of several toxic metal ions. Apart from its nutritional value, it is also used for the decontamination of toxic metal ions. Therefore, present study was envisaged to evaluate the adsorption and removal efficiency of Spirulina powder for mercury.

An Overview of Green Synthesis and Potential Pharmaceutical Applications of Nanoparticles as Targeted Drug Delivery System in Biomedicines.

Nanotechnology-based nanomedicine offers several benefits over conventional forms of therapeutic agents. Moreover, nanomedicine has become a potential candidate for targeting therapeutic agents at specific sites. However, nanomedicine prepared by synthetic methods may produce unwanted toxic effects.

Optimization and Characterization of Brimonidine Tartrate Nanoparticles-loaded In Situ Gel for the Treatment of Glaucoma.

: The present study aimed to develop brimonidine tartrate loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) acid vitamin E-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (BRT-PLGA-TPGS) nanoparticles in thermosensitive gel to improve mucoadhensive properties and drug holding capacity for the better management of glaucoma. Nanoparticles was optimized by means of Box-Behnken Design (BBD). The formulations were prepared using various concentration of PLGA (0.

Cellular and physiological approaches to evaluate the chelating effect of Chlorella on metal ion stressed lymphocytes.

Chlorella is a green alga consumed as dietary food supplement in pulverized form. In addition to its high nutritional value, it is reported as an excellent detoxifying agent. The pulverized Chlorella is partially soluble in water and insoluble portion has been reported for removal of mercury, cadmium and radioactive strontium from body.

Impact of COVID-19 on Indian Pharmaceutical Industry and Way Forward.

Background: As countries and industries continue to cope with the unparalleled challenges presented by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19), a specific area of concern has been the uncertainty surrounding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global and Indian supply chains of the pharmaceutical industry. The COVID-19 crisis has demonstrated the importance of establishing a risk management system that focuses on assessing future risks resulting from the loss of a supply chain among countries.

Objective: This review focuses on the role of the Indian pharmaceutical industry towards the pandemic.

An Overview on Various Approaches and Recent Patents on Buccal Drug Delivery Systems.

Background: Buccal delivery is an alluring course of organization for fundamental medication conveyance and it leads direct access to the systemic flow through the interior jugular vein sidesteps drugs from the hepatic first-pass digestion gives high bioavailability.

Objective: This article aims at buccal medication conveyance by discussing the structure and condition of the oral mucosa and the novel strategies utilized in evaluating buccal medication ingestion.

Methods: This review highlights the various pharmaceutical approaches for buccal delivery such as buccal tablets, buccal lozenges, buccal micro/nanoparticle, wafer and semisolid dosage forms like chewing gums, buccal patch, buccal gel or ointment and some buccal liquid dosage forms like buccal solutions and buccal sprays and recent patents filed or granted for these approaches.

Short to ultrashort peptide-based hydrogels as a platform for biomedical applications.

Short peptides have attracted significant attention from researchers in the past few years due to their easy design, synthesis and characterization, diverse functionalisation possibilities, low cost, possibility to make a large range of hierarchical nanostructures and most importantly their high biocompatibility and biodegradability. Generally, short peptides are also relatively more stable than their longer variants, non-immunogenic in nature and many of them self-assemble to provide an exciting range of nanostructures, including hydrogels. Thus, the development of short peptide-based hydrogels has become an area of intense investigation.

Optimization and characterization of rivastigmine nanolipid carrier loaded transdermal patches for the treatment of dementia.

The present study aimed to develop nanolipid carrier (NLC) loaded transdermal system of rivastigmine for bioavailability enhancement. NLC was optimized using Box-Behnken Design (BBD). Optimized formulation comprises oil (4% w/w), tween 80 (3% w/w) and span 80 (1.

Bioavailability Enhancement of Polymyxin B With Novel Drug Delivery: Development and Optimization Using Quality-by-Design Approach.

Polymyxin-B (Poly-B) is an effective antibiotic used to treat infections mainly caused due to sensitive gram-negative bacteria. They belong to the group of cyclic peptide antibiotics and are minimally absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. This arises the need for bioavailability enhancement and is achieved in the present case using niosomes as carrier system.

Design and fabrication of a magnetically actuated non-invasive reusable drug delivery device.

We present a novel approach of designing and fabricating a noninvasive drug delivery device which is capable of delivering the drug to the target site in a controlled manner. The device utilizes a reservoir which can be reused once the drug has completely diffused from it. This micro-reservoir based fabricated device has been successfully tested using niosomes of insulin drug filled in, which was then sealed with a magnetic membrane of 20 µm thick and was actuated by applying magnetic field.

Bilosomes: A Novel Approach to Meet the Challenges in Oral Immunization.

Oral immunization with vaccines has proven its worth by eradicating several diseases worldwide, yet only few oral vaccines exist in practice. This is because the oral route is plagued with various challenges for successful delivery of vaccines, such as limited absorption and high degradation in the gastrointestinal tract. Tremendous research in the last decade has made bilosomes a potential carrier system for oral immunization.

Formulation and evaluation of flurbiprofen-loaded genipin cross-linked gelatin microspheres for intra-articular delivery.

Oral and parenteral formulations are challenging to produce therapeutic concentration of flurbiprofen in the joints. This encourages for the development of formulation for long term drug retention in the joint through intra-articular (i. a.

Formulation, characterization and in vitro-in vivo evaluation of flurbiprofen-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers for transdermal delivery.

Flurbiprofen is used in the treatment of arthritis. However, its multiple dosing due to short elimination half life is a concern for such treatment. This work aims to develop nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) of flurbiprofen and evaluate their potential for transdermal delivery.

Intra-articular delivery of genipin cross-linked chitosan microspheres of flurbiprofen: preparation, characterization, in vitro and in vivo studies.

In this study, genipin cross-linked chitosan microspheres of flurbiprofen for intra-articular (i.a.) delivery were prepared.