Evaluation of quality of abstracts of randomized controlled trials on procedural sedation in children after publication of CONSORT guidelines for abstracts: A systematic review.

The extension of the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement provides guidelines for abstracts of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). This study was done to assess the reporting quality of abstracts of RCTs, on procedural sedation in children and identify factors associated with better quality. A PubMed search was conducted from inception of database till July 2017 to identify RCTs on procedural sedation in children.

Coeliac disease presenting atypically: A much wider spectrum.

Atypical coeliac disease in young children is frequently missed when it presents atypically as non-gastrointestinal presentations to different specialties. There was a greater delay (54 months) in establishing the diagnosis in those with atypical coeliac disease (p < 0.001).

CAH Newborn Screening in India: Challenges and Opportunities.

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a common treatable disorder which is associated with life-threatening adrenal crisis, sexual ambiguity, and/or abnormal growth if undiagnosed. Newborn screening is a cost-effective tool to detect affected babies early after birth to optimize their treatment and follow-up. Newborn screening however is in its nascent stage in India where it is not yet introduced universally for all babies.

Effect of intramuscular cholecalciferol megadose in children with nutritional rickets.

Background: The treatment practices for vitamin D deficiency rickets are highly variable. Though a single intramuscular (IM) megadose of vitamin D is economical, and ensures good compliance, it poses the risk of hypervitaminosis D. This observational study was conducted to assess the duration of effect and safety of single IM megadose of cholecalciferol in the treatment of vitamin D deficiency rickets.

Disseminated cryptococcosis.

Background: Fungal infections, especially in immunocompetent children are uncommon causes of fever of unknown origin.

Case Characteristics: A 5-year-old boy with prolonged fever and no evidence of immunosuppression.

Observation: Ultrasound-guided retroperitoneal lymph node biopsy showed granulomas and intracytoplamic fungal yeasts; staining charactristics were suggestive of cryptococci.

Absent phallus: issues in management.

Aphallia or complete absence of penis is a rare disorder, often associated with other congenital anomalies of the genitourinary and gastrointestinal systems. This disorder is difficult to manage and has a very significant psychosocial impact on the child as well as the family. Individualized assessment and formulation of management plan is important.

Evaluation of predictors of adverse outcome in febrile neutropenic episodes in pediatric oncology patients.

Objectives: To identify predictors associated with adverse outcome in febrile neutropenic episodes among pediatric oncology patients between 1 and 18 y age, to ascertain the prevalence of invasive bacterial or fungal infection/mortality, to determine the common organisms causing invasive bacterial infection in children with febrile neutropenia and to evaluate their current antimicrobial sensitivity pattern.

Methods: It was an observational descriptive study conducted between February 2009 through July 2010. Febrile neutropenic episodes satisfying the inclusion criteria were enrolled.

Clinical profile of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis at a tertiary centre: a prospective study.

Objective: To study the varied presentations of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH), the differential diagnosis of the varied presentations and the time lag in achieving the diagnosis. Prospective analysis of children diagnosed to have LCH over a period of 51 mo was done. A complete history and physical examination was undertaken in all patients, followed by relevant laboratory and radiological evaluation.

Frontonasal dysplasia (Median cleft face syndrome).

This is a report of a rare case of frontonasal dysplasia (FND) in a full-term girl with birth weight of 2.750 kg. The baby had the classical features of FND.

Tobramycin for the treatment of bacterial pneumonia in children.

Introduction: Common etiological agents for community-acquired lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Hemophilus influenzae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae and can be easily managed with oral or intravenous antibiotics. However, LRTI in patients with underlying illnesses, such as cystic fibrosis (CF) and immune deficiency, or on ventilator support is difficult to manage because these are caused by Gram-negative bacilli. Tobramycin has been shown to be effective in the management of these patients.