Down Syndrome Screening among Pregnant Women Visiting the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of a Tertiary Care Centre.

Introduction: The screening of Down's syndrome by the measurement of serum markers using dual and quadruple tests in the second trimester is done among obstetric patients between 13 to 22 weeks of gestation. The test readings are signified in terms of low-risk or high-risk. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of Downs syndrome screening among pregnant women visiting the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of a tertiary care centre.

Abruptio Placenta among Pregnant Women Admitted to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Abruptio placenta is the complete or partial separation of the normally implanted placenta before delivery of the foetus. It is one of the commonest causes of antepartum haemorrhage affecting maternal and foetal outcomes. Early detection and timely intervention of abruptio placenta in daily clinical practice are important to improve maternal and perinatal outcomes.

Antenatal care in Nepal: a qualitative study into missed opportunities in the first trimester.

Background: Use of timely antenatal care has been identified as key to facilitating healthy pregnancies worldwide. Although considerable investment has been made to enhance maternal health services in Nepal, approximately one-third of women do not attend antenatal care until after the first trimester (late). These women miss out on the benefits of screening and interventions that are most effective in the first trimester.

Nulligravida with Large Uterine Leiomyoma: A Case Report.

Unlabelled: Uterine leiomyoma is the most common benign tumour of the female reproductive tract originating from the uterine smooth muscle causing morbidity and impairing their quality of life. It is common among women in the age group 30 to 50 years of age. Women are usually asymptomatic or may present with various symptoms such as abnormal uterine bleeding, pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, and change in bowel and bladder habits due to pressure symptoms.

Intra-abdominal Adhesions among Patients Undergoing Repeat Caesarean Section in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Adhesions are one of the common complications encountered after caesarean section whose risk increases with the number of caesarean deliveries. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of intra-abdominal adhesions among patients undergoing repeat caesarean section in a tertiary care centre.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 74 pregnant women undergoing repeat caesarean section in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of a tertiary care centre from July, 2021 to December, 2021 after receiving the ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 2107202103).

A systematic review and narrative synthesis of antenatal interventions to improve maternal and neonatal health in Nepal.

Background: Maternal and neonatal mortality rates remain high in many economically underdeveloped countries, including Nepal, and good quality antenatal care can reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, identifying how to best improve antenatal care can be challenging.

Objective: To identify the interventions that have been investigated in the antenatal period in Nepal for maternal or neonatal benefit.

Dysmenorrhea among Nursing Staff in a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Menstrual disorders are problems faced by women in their reproductive period, which affects their day-to-day activities and the quality of life and sometimes can be an indicator of serious pathology. There are various types of menstrual disorders with dysmenorrhea being the commonest and most distressing. Health, sense of wellbeing and quality of life can be improved because of early detection and treatment for these disorders.

Scar Pregnancy a Diagnostic Conundrum: A Case Report.

Cesarean scar pregnancy is a rare form of ectopic pregnancy which may lead to uterine rupture and catastrophic hemorrhage. We report a case of cesarean scar pregnancy in a 35-year-old female with the past history of cesarean section presented with complaints of amenorrhoea for 6 weeks and non-specific  pain. Two Transvaginal sonography was done 48 hours apart which suggested a cesarean scar pregnancy in one and cervical pregnancy on the other.

A cross-sectional study to evaluate antenatal care service provision in 3 hospitals in Nepal.

Background: Globally, many mothers and their babies die during pregnancy and childbirth. A key element of optimizing outcomes is high-quality antenatal care. The Government of Nepal has significantly improved antenatal care and health outcomes through high-level commitment and investment; however, only 69% of patients attend the 4 recommended antenatal appointments.

Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis A Diagnostic Dilemma in Puerperium: A Case Report.

Toxic epidermal necrolysis is a potentially life threatening dermatologic disorder characterized by widespread erythema, necrosis and bullas, detachment of epidermis and mucous membrane resulting in exfoliation, possible sepsis and even death. This is the first case report in Nepal of toxic epidermal necrolysis in puerperium. We present a case of a 28-years-old, P1L1 on fourth postoperative day following emergency lower segment caesarean section for cephalopelvic disproportion in latent phase of labour with uneventful antenatal period.

Severe Birth Asphyxia without Sequelae: A Case Report.

Perinatal asphyxia is one of the major causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality. It mainly causes neurodevelopmental delay leading to hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. We present here the case of a preterm male baby of 1670 grams born at 31+3 weeks of gestation delivered by 25-year-old primi mother through vaginal delivery with history of umbilical cord prolapse.

Ruptured Cesarean Scar Pregnancy: A Case Report.

Cesarean scar pregnancy is a rare variant of ectopic pregnancy where the fertilized ovum gets implanted in the myometrium of the previous cesarean scar. The incidence of Caesarean Scar Pregnancy among ectopic pregnancies is 6.1% and it is seen in approximately 1 in 2000 normal pregnancies.

Abdominal Cocoon Syndrome following Primary Subfertility Management with IVF-ET.

Abdominal cocoon syndrome is a rarely encountered surgical emergency first described by Foo et al. in 1978. This condition is characterised by a thick fibrous membrane which encases the small bowel partially or completely.

Cervical Cancer Awareness and Practice of Pap Smear Test Among Women with Gynecological problems.

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the most common cancer in women in Nepal. Pap smear test is the most important screening test for cervical cancer, which helps in reducing mortality from it. This study is to assess the knowledge of cancer cervix and practice of Pap smear test and to analyze the impact of educational status on them.

Gestational Weight Gain and its Relation with Birth Weight of the Newborn.

Introduction: Gestational weight gain is an important predictor of the health of the newborn. It is affected by body mass index of the women. This study was conducted to find out gestational weight gain according to Institute of Medicine 2009 recommendation and relationship of newborn birth weight to body mass index and gestational weight gain of the women.