Novel Tissue Factor Inhibition for Thromboprophylaxis in COVID-19: Primary Results of the ASPEN-COVID-19 Trial.

Background: Thrombo-inflammation is central to COVID-19-associated coagulopathy. TF (tissue factor), a driver of disordered coagulation and inflammation in viral infections, may be a therapeutic target in COVID-19. The safety and efficacy of the novel TF inhibitor rNAPc2 (recombinant nematode anticoagulation protein c2) in COVID-19 are unknown.

Poverty Reduction is Not the Whole Story: The COVID-19 Pandemic Response in Relation to Material Hardship.

As an absolute measure of deprivation poverty fails to capture the impact pandemic-related disruptions had on households. In this study, we use data from the Ypsilanti COVID-19 Study, a cross-sectional survey of 609 residents taken during the summer of 2020, to control for pandemic-related disruptions on bill-paying and food hardship. Using logistic regression models in which specific forms of bill-paying (i.

The Pat Jasan drug eradication social movement in Northern Myanmar, part one: Origins & reactions.

This commentary provides an introduction to the origins and emergence of Pat Jasan, a social movement that emerged amongst the Kachin population of northern Myanmar in response to a perceived crisis of illicit drug production and consumption. Although frequently presented as a case of drug vigilantism, we seek move beyond this stereotype by providing a granular account of the historical, political, and cultural conditions that lay the ground for the movement's emergence. Pat Jasan arose in the context of intersecting crises linked to protracted armed violence, extractive development and the 'slow violence' associated with widespread drug use.

Critical policy frontiers: The drugs-development-peacebuilding trilemma.

Recent years have seen the emergence of a policy consensus around the need for fundamental reforms of global drug policies. This is reflected in the call for 'development-oriented drug policies' that align and integrate drug policies with development and peacebuilding objectives, as captured in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). These calls have been important in acknowledging the damage caused by the war on drugs and in drawing attention to how drugs are inextricably linked to wider development and peacebuilding challenges.

Precarity, poverty and poppy: Encountering development in the uplands of Shan State, Myanmar.

In recent years there have been growing calls for "development-oriented drug policies" to tackle illicit drug cultivation in the global South. Calls to integrate drugs and development have been important in demonstrating the damage caused by the war on drugs to marginalized communities and in drawing attention to how drug cultivation is inextricably linked to wider development challenges. However, this paper argues that the emerging policy agenda to 'developmentalise' drug policy is founded upon a simplified and misleading conceptualization of the relationship between poverty, development and illicit drug cultivation.

"I Think I Can . . . Maybe I Can . . . I Can't": Social Work Women and Local Elected Office.

If women are more interested in running for office, it should be observable in MSW students. Not only are the majority of students women, but they have experienced a dramatic change in political fortunes within the last year. However, the 2016 election may be leading women to doubt their qualifications to run.

A Parametric Simulation of Neuronal Noise From Microelectrode Recordings.

In this paper we present an efficient model of microelectrode recordings (MER) from the subthalamic nucleus acquired during deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery. The model shows how changes in the "noise" relate to the neuronal spike time statistics. A top-down approach is used with analysis-by-synthesis of the MER power spectra.

Analysis of the non-Markov parameter in continuous-time signal processing.

The use of statistical complexity metrics has yielded a number of successful methodologies to differentiate and identify signals from complex systems where the underlying dynamics cannot be calculated. The Mori-Zwanzig framework from statistical mechanics forms the basis for the generalized non-Markov parameter (NMP). The NMP has been used to successfully analyze signals in a diverse set of complex systems.

Report from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons National Database Workforce: clarifying the definition of operative mortality.

Several distinct definitions of postoperative death have been used in various quality reporting programs. Some have defined postoperative mortality as the occurrence of death after a surgical procedure when the patient dies while still in the hospital, while others have considered all deaths occurring within a predetermined, standardized time interval after surgery to be postoperative mortality. While mortality data are still collected and reported using both these individual definitions, the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) believes that either approach alone may be inadequate.

Inequity of patient assignments: fact or fiction?

The leadership group of the medical/surgical intensive care unit at Children's Hospital Boston, working within the healthy work environment guidelines of the American Association for Critical-Care Nurses, heard that some staff nurses thought that their patient care assignments were unfair; specifically, certain nurses always received a single assignment while other nurses always received a double assignment. The nurses' concerns were validated and addressed, and unit leaders continue to monitor the nurses' concerns, which has resulted in more equitable assignments. Acknowledging the concerns of staff nurses is a positive first step in maintaining a healthy work environment.

Perceptions of readmitted patients on the transition from hospital to home.

Background: Hospital leaders have had mixed success reducing readmissions Little is known about the readmitted patient's perspective.

Methods: A cross-sectional 36-item survey was administered to 1084 readmitted inpatients of The Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania (an urban academic medical center) and Penn Presbyterian Medical Center (an urban community hospital) between November 10, 2010 and July 5, 2011. The survey response rate was 32.

Theoretical & experimental analysis of the Non Markov Parameter to detect low frequency synchronisation in time series analysis.

A theoretical investigation into the behaviour of the Non-Markov Parameter is performed from a signal processing perspective in contrast to previous methodologies based on stochastic processes theory. The results indicate that the NMP can be regarded as an informational metric which is indicative of the degree of low frequency synchronisation in a complex system. These results have deep implications for physiological analysis of biological systems where the presence of sychronisation is often a marker of pathological functioning.

The Wallerian degeneration slow (Wld(s)) gene does not attenuate disease in a mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy.

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a severe neuromuscular disease characterized by loss of spinal alpha-motor neurons, resulting in the paralysis of skeletal muscle. SMA is caused by deficiency of survival motor neuron (SMN) protein levels. Recent evidence has highlighted an axon-specific role for SMN protein, raising the possibility that axon degeneration may be an early event in SMA pathogenesis.

Use of a systems-based approach to an environmental health assessment for a waterborne disease outbreak investigation at a snowmobile lodge in Wyoming.

Investigations into disease outbreaks generally incorporate an epidemiologic investigation, laboratory analysis, and an environmental health assessment. This last component is designed to discover connections between factors in the environment and the outbreak, but is often limited, either by time and resources, or the expertise of the personnel included in outbreak investigation teams. A waterborne Norovirus outbreak investigation in Sheridan County, Wyoming, in 2001 provides an excellent example of the importance of including an in-depth, systems-based environmental health assessment in outbreak investigations.

Responding to detection of aerosolized Bacillus anthracis by autonomous detection systems in the workplace.

Autonomous detection systems (ADSs) are under development to detect agents of biologic and chemical terror in the environment. These systems will eventually be able to detect biologic and chemical hazards reliably and provide approximate real-time alerts that an agent is present. One type of ADS that tests specifically for Bacillus anthracis is being deployed in hundreds of postal distribution centers across the United States.

Role for calbindin-D28K in in vitro classical conditioning of abducens nerve responses in turtles.

Intracellular calcium has a pivotal role in synaptic modifications that may underlie learning and memory. The present study examined whether there were changes in immunoreactivity levels of the AMPA receptor subunits GluR2/3 and calcium binding proteins during classical conditioning recorded in the abducens nerve of in vitro brain stem preparations from turtles. The results showed that abducens motor neurons in unconditioned turtle brain stems were immunopositive for GluR2/3, calbindin-D28K, and calmodulin, but were immunonegative for parvalbumin.

Multinuclear NMR Spectroscopic and X-ray Crystallographic Studies of a Series of Mercury(II) Complexes Containing the Bidentate Phosphine Ligand Ph(2)PCH(2)Si(CH(3))(2)CH(2)PPh(2) (L(2)).

The bidentate phosphine ligand Ph(2)PCH(2)Si(CH(3))(2)CH(2)PPh(2) (L(2)), an analogue of 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane (dppp), coordinates to mercury(II) salts to form complexes of the general formula [HgX(2).L(2)] (X = Cl, Br, I, NCS). Infrared, Raman, and multinuclear ((1)H, (13)C, (31)P, (199)Hg) NMR spectroscopic studies show that the complexes exhibit four-coordinate pseudotetrahedral metal geometry.

The role of protein C, protein S, and resistance to activated protein C in Legg-Perthes disease.

Objectives: It has been hypothesized that Legg-Perthes disease is caused by repeated vascular interruptions of the blood supply to the proximal femur, which are precipitated by coagulation system abnormalities. To test this theory, we conducted a case-control study among 57 patients with Legg-Perthes disease and an equal number of community controls. We measured protein C and protein S and resistance to activated protein C (APC-R) from plasma.

A stochastic differential equation model of diurnal cortisol patterns.

Circadian modulation of episodic bursts is recognized as the normal physiological pattern of diurnal variation in plasma cortisol levels. The primary physiological factors underlying these diurnal patterns are the ultradian timing of secretory events, circadian modulation of the amplitude of secretory events, infusion of the hormone from the adrenal gland into the plasma, and clearance of the hormone from the plasma by the liver. Each measured plasma cortisol level has an error arising from the cortisol immunoassay.