The Neuroprotective Effect of Therapeutic Hypothermia in Cognitive Impairment of an Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Mouse Model.

: Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) shows promise as an approach with neuroprotective effects, capable of reducing secondary brain damage and intracranial pressure following successful mechanical thrombectomy in the acute phase. However, its effect on cognitive impairment remains unclear. This study investigated whether TH can improve cognitive impairment in a mouse model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by reperfusion (tMCAO/R).

Innate Type 2 Response to in a Murine Model of Atopic Dermatitis-like Skin Inflammation.

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory skin disease mediated by T helper type 2 (Th2) cells in acute phase. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) play a role in the initiation of the Th2 response. Although mold exposure is associated with the development of AD, studies on the underlying mechanisms are lacking.

Expression of steroidogenic enzymes in human placenta according to the gestational age.

Female sex steroid hormones, including estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4), serve significant physiological roles in pregnancy. In particular, E2 and P4 influence placenta formation, maintain pregnancy and stimulate milk production. These hormones are produced by ovaries, adrenal glands and the placenta, of which the latter is a major endocrine organ during pregnancy.

The expression and activation of sex steroid receptors in the preeclamptic placenta.

Estrogen and progesterone are the main pregnancy hormones produced by the placenta. It is well understood that estrogen stimulates angiogenesis in the uterus during the reproductive cycle. Although the estrogen and progesterone signaling pathways are assumed to be associated with placental vascularization and preeclampsia, expression of estrogen receptors (ESRs) and progesterone receptor (PGR) in the placenta have not been well studied.

Regulation of steroid hormones in the placenta and serum of women with preeclampsia.

Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy‑specific hypertensive syndrome that results in substantial maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The exact cause of PE has not been completely elucidate, although abnormal formation of the placenta has been considered. The placenta connects the developing fetus to the uterine wall, producing a large quantity of steroid hormones to maintain pregnancy.

Expression of reproductive hormone receptors and contraction‑associated genes in porcine uterus during the estrous cycle.

Contraction of uterus tissue frequently occurs throughout the estrous cycle and is regulated by several endogenous factors, including estradiol, progesterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle‑stimulating hormone, oxytocin (OXT) and contraction‑associated proteins (CAPs). Contraction activity of uterus tissue according to the estrous cycle is important, due to the fact that it is directly associated with balanced implantation and stable pregnancy. However, few studies have examined the mechanism of uterus contraction activity in a porcine model.

Interaction of steroid receptor coactivators and estrogen receptors in the human placenta.

Female sex steroid hormones such as estrogen and progesterone have a pivotal role in maintaining pregnancy in human and animals. Especially, estrogen exerts specific effects on the cardiovascular system and angiogenesis, and thus affects significantly on placentation. Although the functions of estrogen have been emphasized during pregnancy, their signaling pathways in the placenta have not been fully understood.

The adverse effect of 4-tert-octylphenol on fat metabolism in pregnant rats via regulation of lipogenic proteins.

Alkylphenols such as 4-tert-octylphenol (OP), nonylphenol, and bisphenol A are classified as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Digestion and metabolism of food are controlled by many endocrine factors, including insulin, glucagon, and estrogen. These factors are differentially regulated during pregnancy.

Adverse effects of 4-tert-octylphenol on the production of oxytocin and hCG in pregnant rats.

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous substances that alter the structure or function of the endocrine system. 4-Tert-octylphenol (OP) is one of the most representative EDCs and has estrogenic effects. In this study, we examined the effects of ethinyl estradiol (EE) and OP on the pituitary gland, placenta, and uterus of pregnant rats.

Pyrogallol inhibits the growth of gastric cancer SNU-484 cells via induction of apoptosis.

Pyrogallol (PG) is a polyphenol compound and is known to be an O2*- generator. We evaluated the effects of PG on the growth of human gastric cancer SNU-484 cells in relation to the cell cycle and apoptosis. Dose-dependent inhibition of cell growth was observed in SNU-484 cells with an IC50 of approximately 50 microM following treatment with PG for 72 h.