Optical detection based spot test on electrospun nanofibers for glioblastoma cells.

Paper-based diagnosis is enabled to be used in many applications in global health due to its low cost and simplicity of operation. Electrospun nanofibers (ESNFs) are useful platforms to prepare paper-based diagnostics. Herein, bead-free ESNFs were formed by electrospinning using polystyrene (PS) and poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) polymers as a paper-based substrate.

Preparation and in vitro investigation of prostate-specific membrane antigen targeted lycopene loaded niosomes on prostate cancer cells.

In this study, it's aimed to develop prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) targeted niosomes with a multifunctional theranostic approach. With this aim, PSMA-targeted niosomes were synthesized by a thin-film hydration method followed by bath sonication. Drug-loaded niosomes (Lyc-ICG-Nio) were coated with DSPE-PEG-COOH (Lyc-ICG-Nio-PEG) and subsequently anti-PSMA antibody conjugated to niosomes (Lyc-ICG-Nio-PSMA) with amide bond formation.

A dual-modal PET/near infrared fluorescent nanotag for long-term immune cell tracking.

Adoptive cell transfer of targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells has emerged as a highly promising cancer therapy. The pharmacodynamic action or CAR T cells is closely related to their pharmacokinetic profile; because of this as well as the risk of non-specific action, it is important to monitor their biodistribution and fate following infusion. To this end, we developed a dual-modal PET/near infrared fluorescent (NIRF) nanoparticle-based imaging agent for non-genomic labeling of human CAR T cells.

Examination of the Association Between 3,4-Divanillyltetrahydrofuran Lignan ( Origin) and Prostate Cancer Cells by I Radiolabeling.

Prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer for men in many countries. One of the various prostate cancer therapy methods is hormone therapy, and explaining the association between androgen hormones and prostate cancer is a critical role for successful prostate cancer treatment. In the current study, the behavior of 3,4-divanillyltetrahydrofuran (DTH) was examined against prostate cancer cells, which have androgen sensitivity differences [LNCaP (+), PC3 (-)].

Thymoquinone Glucuronide Conjugated Magnetic Nanoparticle for Bimodal Imaging and Treatment of Cancer as a Novel Theranostic Platform.

Background: Theranostic oncology combines therapy and diagnosis and is a new field of medicine that specifically targets the disease by using targeted molecules to destroy the cancerous cells without damaging the surrounding healthy tissues.

Objective: We aimed to develop a tool that exploits enzymatic TQ release from glucuronide (G) for the imaging and treatment of lung cancer. We added magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) to enable magnetic hyperthermia and MRI, as well as 131I to enable SPECT imaging and radionuclide therapy.

Radioiodination of Pimonidazole as a Novel Theranostic Hypoxia Probe.

Background: Tumors are defined as abnormal tissue masses, and one of the most important factors leading to the growth of these abnormal tissue masses is Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, which stimulates angiogenesis by releasing cells under hypoxic conditions. Hypoxia has a vital role in cancer therapy, thus it is important to monitor hypoxia. The hypoxia marker Pimonidazole (PIM) is a candidate biomarker of cancer aggressiveness.

An in-vivo pilot study into the effects of FDG-mNP in cancer in mice.

Purpose: Previously, fluorodeoxy glucose conjugated magnetite nanoparticles (FDG-mNPs) injected into cancer cells in conjunction with the application of magnetic hyperthermia have shown promise in new FDG-mNPs applications. The aim of this study was to determine potential toxic or unwanted effects involving both tumour cells and normal tissue in other organs when FDG-mNPs are administered intravenously or intratumourally in mice.

Materials And Methods: FDG-mNPs were synthesized.

In Vitro Incorporation of Radioiodinated Eugenol on Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines (Caco2, MCF7, and PC3).

Recently, the synthesis of radiolabeled plant origin compounds has been increased due to their high uptake on some cancer cell lines. Eugenol (EUG), a phenolic natural compound in the essential oils of different spices such as Syzygium aromaticum (clove), Pimenta racemosa (bay leaves), and Cinnamomum verum (cinnamon leaf), has been exploited for various medicinal applications. EUG has antiviral, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory functions and several anticancer properties.

Synthesis, characterization and radiolabeling of folic acid modified nanostructured lipid carriers as a contrast agent and drug delivery system.

Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) are the new generation of solid lipid drug delivery systems. Their suitability as contrast agents for gamma scintigraphy is an attracting major attention. The aim of current study was to prepare surface modified nanostructured lipid carrier system for paclitaxel (PTX) with active targeting and imaging functions.

In Vitro/In Vivo Evaluation of Radiolabeled [(99m)Tc(CO)3](+)-Hydroxyurea and Fluorescein Isothiocyanate-Hydroxyurea.

The aim of current study is to examine hydroxyurea (HU), which is an antineoplastic drug used for the treatment of leukemia, sickle-cell disease, HIV, psoriasis, thrombocythemia, and various neoplastic diseases in two aspects. The active ingredient hydroxyurea was obtained by purification of the capsule form drug, commercially named as HYDREA. Then, [(99m)Tc(CO)3](+)core radiolabeling with HU was performed as first aspect.

Investigation of therapeutic efficiency of bleomycin and bleomycin-glucuronide labeled with (131)I on the cancer cell lines.

The aim of this study is to determine the incorporations of radiolabeled bleomycin ((131)I-BLM) and bleomycin-glucuronide ((131)I-BLMGLU) on PC-3 (human prostate carcinoma cell line), Caco-2 (human colon adenocarcinoma cell line), Hutu-80 (Human Duodenum adenocarcinoma cell line), and A549 (Human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cell line) cancerous cell lines. For this purpose, BLM and BLMGLU enyzmatically synthesized were labeled with (131)I, quality control studies were done and the incorporation yields of (131)I-BLM and (131)I-BLMGLU on these cell lines were measured. Quality-control studies showed that the radiolabeling yields were obtained as 95% and 90% for (131)I-BLM and (131)I-BLMGLU, respectively.

Nonionic, water self-dispersible "hairy-rod" poly(p-phenylene)-g-poly(ethylene glycol) copolymer/carbon nanotube conjugates for targeted cell imaging.

The generation and fabrication of nanoscopic structures are of critical technological importance for future implementations in areas such as nanodevices and nanotechnology, biosensing, bioimaging, cancer targeting, and drug delivery. Applications of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in biological fields have been impeded by the incapability of their visualization using conventional methods. Therefore, fluorescence labeling of CNTs with various probes under physiological conditions has become a significant issue for their utilization in biological processes.

Radiolabeling of methanol extracts of yarrow (Achillea millefolium l) in rats.

Purpose: Current study is focused on extraction with methanol, purification, labeling with (131)I using iodogen method of the yarrow plant and investigating in vivo biological activity using biodistribution and imaging studies on healthy animal models. The aim of the study is to contribute plant extracts to discover new drugs in the diagnosis and treatment of several diseases.

Methods: Nine female and nine male healthy Wistar albino rats, which were approximately 100-150 g in weight, were used for biodistribution studies.

Gold nanoparticle probes: design and in vitro applications in cancer cell culture.

A new architecture has been designed by the conjugation of [(18)F]2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ((18)F-FDG), gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), and anti-metadherin (Anti-MTDH) antibody which is specific to the metadherin (MTDH) over-expressed on the surface of breast cancer cells. Mannose triflate molecule is used as a precursor for synthesis of (18)F-FDG by nucleophilic fluorination. For the conjugation of (18)F-FDG and AuNPs, cysteamine was first bound to mannose triflate (Man-CA) before synthesizing of (18)F-FDG which has cysteamine sides ((18)FDG-CA).

L-Carnitine Protection Against Cisplatin Nephrotoxicity In Rats: Comparison with Amifostin Using Quantitative Renal Tc 99m DMSA Uptake.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate the cytoprotective effect of L-carnitine against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and to compare its efficacy with that of amifostin by quantitative renal Tc 99m DMSA uptake.

Material And Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups of six animals each. 1) Control (saline; 5 ml/kg intraperitoneally); 2) L-carnitine (CAR; 300 mg/kg intraperitoneally); 3) Amifostine (AMI; 200 mg /kg intraperitoneally); 4) Cisplatin (CIS;7 mg/kg intraperitoneally); 5) Cisplatin plus L-carnitine (CIS + CAR); 6) Cisplatin plus amifostine (CIS + AMI).

Enzymatic synthesis of (125/131)I labeled 8-hydroxyquinoline glucuronide and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of biological influence.

8-Hydroxyquinoline (8-OHQ) is a long-known molecule which due to its metal-complexation ability is frequently used for analysis. It is also called oxine. Oxine and derivatives have been investigated to process antitumor and antimicrobial activities.

A new approach for in vitro imaging of breast cancer cells by anti-metadherin targeted PVA-pyrene.

Poly(vinyl alcohol)-pyrene-anti-metadherin (PVA-Py-(Anti-MTDH)), a novel antibody based water soluble probe containing both fluorescent and target sites in the structure for in vitro imaging of breast cancer cells is reported here. Since breast cancer cells have an excess of MDTH protein expressed on the surface, a PVA-Py prepared by "Click chemistry" approach is targeted by Anti-MTDH antibody and applied to the MCF-7 cell line. After characterization, the designed architecture was evaluated in terms of cell incorporation efficiency and compared with a non-targeted structure (PVA-Py).

Synthesis and biodistribution studies of two novel radiolabeled estrone derivatives.

Background: Two 99mTc-DTPA attached estrone derivatives were synthesized and their radiopharmaceutical potential was determined using female albino Wistar rats.

Materials And Methods: Two novel radiolabeled estrone derivatives, 99mTc-2,2',2"2"'-(2,2'-(2-(3-methoxy-13-methyl-17-oxo-7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 7-decahydro-6H- cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-2-ylamino)-2- oxoethylazanediyl) bis(ethane-2,1-diyl)) bis(azanetriyl) tetraacetic acid (99mTc-2-DTPA-3-methoxy estrone) and 9mTc-2,2',2",2'"-(2,2'- (2-(3-methoxy-13-methyl-17-oxo- 7,8,9,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-decahydro- 6H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-4-ylamino)-2-oxoethylazanediyl) bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(azanetriyl)tetraacetic acid (99mTc-4-DTPA-3-methoxy estrone) were synthesized starting from estrone (3-hydroxy-13-methyl-7,8, 9,11,12,13,15,16-octahydro-6H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17(14H)-one) and DTPA anhydride (2-(bis(2-(2,6-dioxomorpholino)ethyl)amino)acetic acid) as potential estrogen receptor imaging agents. The products were crystallized in ethyl alcohol (95%), purified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and infrared spectroscopy (IR).

Somatostatin with 99mTc and biodistribution studies in rats.

Somatostatin (SST) is a short-lived peptide hormone that regulates the endocrine system. The main use of the derivatives of SST is to diagnose diseases related to growth hormone and to use against some forms of cancer that involve growth hormone. Also, SST suppresses gastric acid secretion, gallbladder contractions, and pancreatic enzyme secretion.

Synthesis of an estradiol glucuronide derivative and investigation of its radiopharmaceutical potential.

The aim of the current study was to synthesize a derivative of estradiol glucuronide, which is able to be labeled with 99mTc and to investigate its radiopharmaceutical potential using imaging and biodistribution studies. An estrogen derivative, beta-estradiol (1,3,5,[10]-estratriene-3,17beta-diol) attached to diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) was synthesized in six steps. At the end of these steps a compound of estradiol and DTPA derivative called deoxy demethyl homoestradiolyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (ESTDTPA) was synthesized.

Preparation of (99m)Tc labeled vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and biodistribution in rats.

The aim of this study was to label ascorbic acid with (99m)Tc and to investigate its radiopharmaceutical potential in rats. Ascorbic acid was labeled with (99m)Tc using the stannous chloride method. The radiochemical purity of [(99m)Tc]ascorbic acid ((99m)Tc-AA) was determined by RTLC, paper electrophoresis, and RHPLC methods.