Approaches on Ferrofluid Synthesis and Applications: Current Status and Future Perspectives.

Ferrofluids are colloidal suspensions of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) within aqueous or nonaqueous liquids that exhibit strong magnetic properties. These magnetic properties allow ferrofluids to be manipulated and controlled when exposed to magnetic fields. This review aims to provide the current scope and research opportunities regarding the methods of synthesis of nanoparticles, surfactants, and carrier liquids for ferrofluid production, along with the rheology and applications of ferrofluids within the fields of medicine, water treatment, and mechanical engineering.

Long-term assessment of nano and bulk copper compound exposure in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum).

As interest in the use of copper-based nanomaterials in agriculture continue to increase, research into their exposure effects must expand from short-term, high exposure studies to long-term studies at realistic concentrations. Long-term studies can better elucidate the implications of copper nanomaterial exposure by allowing plants to mature and adapt to higher copper concentrations. In this study, sugarcane plants were grown to maturity in large nursery pots using soils amended with one of the following treatments: Kocide 3000 (Cu(OH)), a nano-sized CuO (nCuO), a bulk-sized CuO (bCuO), copper metal nanoparticles (Cu NP), or CuCl at 20, 40, and 60 mg kg.

Can abiotic stresses in plants be alleviated by manganese nanoparticles or compounds?

Abiotic stress has become one of the most challenging problems for agriculture as the world population keeps increasing dramatically. Crop stress management using manganese (Mn) compounds has been recently employed to reduce the negative effects caused by drought, harsh temperature, and salinity. In response to abiotic stress, an adequate supply of Mn has shown to remediate plant manganese deficiency, induce Mn superoxide dismutase at the transcriptional level to face reactive oxygen species production, and stimulate manganese-dependent proteins to maintain cell integrity.

Finding the conditions for the beneficial use of ZnO nanoparticles towards plants-A review.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have a wide range of applications in cosmetics, electrical, and optical industries. The wide range of applications of ZnO NPs, especially in personal care products, suggest they can reach major environmental matrices causing unforeseen effects. Recent literature has shown conflicting findings regarding the beneficial or detrimental effects of ZnO NPs towards terrestrial biota.

Different forms of copper and kinetin impacted element accumulation and macromolecule contents in kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) seeds.

The relationship between engineered nanomaterials and plant biostimulants is unclear. In this study, kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plants were grown to maturity (90 days) in soil amended with nano copper (nCu), bulk copper (bCu), or copper chloride (CuCl) at 0, 50, or 100 mg kg, then watered with 0, 10, or 100 μM of kinetin (KN). Seeds were harvested and analyzed via ICP-OES and biochemical assays.

Copper oxide nanoparticles and bulk copper oxide, combined with indole-3-acetic acid, alter aluminum, boron, and iron in Pisum sativum seeds.

The interaction of CuO nanoparticles (nCuO), a potential nanopesticide, with the growth hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is not well understood. This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional components in seeds of green pea (Pisum sativum) cultivated in soil amended with nCuO at 50 or 100mgkg, with/without IAA at 10 or 100μM. Similar treatments including bulk CuO (bCuO) and CuCl were set as controls.

Modulation of CuO nanoparticles toxicity to green pea (Pisum sativum Fabaceae) by the phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid.

The response of plants to copper oxide nanoparticles (nano-CuO) in presence of exogenous phytohormones is unknown. In this study, green pea (Pisum sativum) plants were cultivated to full maturity in soil amended with nano-CuO (10-100nm, 74.3% Cu), bulk-CuO (bCuO, 100-10,000nm, 79.

Comparison of the effects of commercial coated and uncoated ZnO nanomaterials and Zn compounds in kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plants.

Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plants were grown for 45 days in soil amended with either uncoated (Z-COTE) and coated (Z-COTE HP1) ZnO nanomaterials (NMs), bulk ZnO and ZnCl, at 0-500mg/kg. At harvest, growth parameters, chlorophyll, and essential elements were determined. None of the treatments affected germination and pod production, and only ZnCl at 250 and 500mg/kg reduced relative chlorophyll content by 34% and 46%, respectively.

Nutritional quality assessment of tomato fruits after exposure to uncoated and citric acid coated cerium oxide nanoparticles, bulk cerium oxide, cerium acetate and citric acid.

Little is known about the effects of surface modification on the interaction of nanoparticles (NPs) with plants. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants were cultivated in potting soil amended with bare and citric acid coated nanoceria (nCeO nCeO+CA), cerium acetate (CeAc), bulk cerium oxide (bCeO) and citric acid (CA) at 0-500 mg kg.

Effects of uncoated and citric acid coated cerium oxide nanoparticles, bulk cerium oxide, cerium acetate, and citric acid on tomato plants.

Little is known about the physiological and biochemical responses of plants exposed to surface modified nanomaterials. In this study, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants were cultivated for 210days in potting soil amended with uncoated and citric acid coated cerium oxide nanoparticles (nCeO2, CA+nCeO2) bulk cerium oxide (bCeO2), and cerium acetate (CeAc).

Copper nanoparticles/compounds impact agronomic and physiological parameters in cilantro (Coriandrum sativum).

The environmental impacts of Cu-based nanoparticles (NPs) are not well understood. In this study, cilantro (Coriandrum sativum) was germinated and grown in commercial potting mix soil amended with Cu(OH)2 (Kocide and CuPRO), nano-copper (nCu), micro-copper (μCu), nano-copper oxide (nCuO), micro-copper oxide (μCuO) and ionic Cu (CuCl2) at either 20 or 80 mg Cu per kg. In addition to seed germination and plant elongation, relative chlorophyll content and micro and macroelement concentrations were determined.