Phenotypic and genotypic detection of extended spectrum β-lactamases among and isolates from type 2 diabetic patients with urinary tract infections.

Background: T2DM patients are more likely to have UTIs caused by resistant organisms such as ESBLs producing bacteria. Challenging reliable identification and prompt characterization of in-vitro susceptibilities of these bacteria are the first steps of deciding the appropriate antimicrobial therapy for UTIs caused by them.

Objectives: To isolate and identify and from urine of T2DM patients with UTIs, to determine antibiotic resistance pattern among isolates, and to identify ESBLs production phenotypically and genotypically.

The dilemma of widal test - which brand to use? a study of four different widal brands: a cross sectional comparative study.

Background: Serodiagnosis of typhoid fever by Widal test based on demonstrating the presence of agglutinins (antibodies) in the serum of an infected patient, against the H (flagellar) and O (somatic) antigens of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi has been associated with many debates. This is why the aim of this study was to: (i) Compare the diagnostic accuracy of four different commercial kits used to perform Widal test (Remel, BioSystems, Dialab and Biotec). (ii) Compare the sensitivity and specificity of both anti-O and anti-H antibodies.

TUBEX Test Versus Widal Test In The Diagnosis Of Typhoid Fever In Kafr El -Shekh, Egypt.

Background: The value of the Widal test for the diagnosis of typhoid fever has been debated for as many years as it has been available. TUBEX test is a serological test which was stated to have the advantages of the Widal test without its controversies. The aim of this study was to evaluate TUBEX test versus the Widal test regarding sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of typhoid fever in an endemic area like Kafr El -Shekh, Egypt.