Microcellular approach for the pathogenesis of placenta accreta spectrum inflammatory versus apoptotic pathways; a thorough look on Treg, dNK and VEGF.

Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is a disorder of irregular placental invasion to the surrounding structures, it is a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. This study was theorized to perceive the role of Treg cells and VEGF which appealed to play a role in the pathogenesis of nonstandard extreme placental invasion. The study was carried out on 40 pregnant women; Group I (control group), and Group II (placenta accrete spectrum PAS).

Pelvic floor dysfunction: assessment with combined analysis of static and dynamic MR imaging findings.

Purpose: To prospectively analyze static and dynamic magnetic resonance (MR) images simultaneously to determine whether stress urinary incontinence (SUI), pelvic organ prolapse (POP), and anal incontinence are associated with specific pelvic floor abnormalities.

Materials And Methods: This study had institutional review board approval, and informed consent was obtained from all participants. There were 59 women: 15 nulliparous study control women (mean age, 25.

Anatomy of the urethral supporting ligaments defined by dissection, histology, and MRI of female cadavers and MRI of healthy nulliparous women.

Objective: There has been no uniformity of opinion concerning the structures supporting the female urethra. Therefore, the aims of this prospective study were to define precisely the female urethral support structures at cadaveric anatomic dissection and histologic examination and to determine which of these structures can be detected on MRI of cadaveric specimens and of healthy volunteers.

Subjects And Methods: Dissection of seven formalin-preserved cadavers (age at death, 25-50 years; no parity history available) was performed by a professor of anatomy to explore the anatomy of the urethral supporting ligaments and was followed by MRI of the cadaveric specimens with ligamentous markers in place and then by histologic analysis of the dissected ligaments.