Publications by authors named "Medhat Chowdhury"
Article Synopsis
- Text correction refers to the process of identifying and fixing errors in written content to enhance clarity and accuracy.
- It encompasses various types of errors, including grammatical mistakes, spelling errors, and punctuation issues.
- Effective text correction improves the overall quality of writing, making it more comprehensible for the reader.
Left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) is a novel pacing strategy that uses the conduction system distal to the left bundle branch block level for direct activation of the left bundle and right ventricular myocardium. Our meta-analysis compared the structural, electrophysiological, clinical, and procedural outcomes of LBBAP and biventricular pacing (BVP). The meta-analysis included two randomized controlled trials and showed significant reductions in the left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic volumes with LBBAP compared to BVP, together with statistically significant reductions in the QRS duration, New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class, and heart failure (HF) hospitalizations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe purpose of this study is to evaluate whether early initiation of catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) in patients presenting with acute pulmonary embolism is associated with improved in-hospital outcomes. A retrospective cohort was extracted from the 2016-2019 National Inpatient Sample database, consisting of 21,730 weighted admissions undergoing CDT acute PE. From the time of admission, the sample was divided into early (<48 h) and late interventions (>48 h).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA 69-year-old male presented for evaluation of a carotid bruit. Carotid ultrasound demonstrated the unique finding of a large, highly mobile atheroma in the proximal left internal carotid artery. The presence of a mobile atheroma confers an even higher risk of stroke, so this presentation posed a dilemma in terms of endovascular versus open surgical management strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBalloon-Assisted Thrombin Injection of a Profunda Femoral Pseudoaneurysm Using Radial Access.
Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J
January 2024
Article Synopsis
- The profunda femoral artery is often difficult to treat for pseudoaneurysms due to its deep position, making traditional methods ineffective.
- Balloon-assisted thrombin injection (BATI) is a new technique that has proved useful in treating challenging pseudoaneurysms, particularly in high-risk surgical patients.
- This report discusses a case where BATI was successfully performed using radial access on a patient with a pseudoaneurysm in the profunda femoral artery.
Background: Data regarding hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) patients undergoing noncardiac surgery is lacking. We sought to examine the perioperative outcomes of HOCM patients undergoing noncardiac surgery using a national database.
Methods: We used the National readmission database from 2016 to 2019.
Article Synopsis
- Substance use disorders (SUDs) are increasingly prevalent in the U.S. and are connected to specific types of cardiovascular (CVD) and cerebrovascular disorders (CeVD) among hospitalized patients.
- A study of the National Inpatient Sample (2016-2017) found that over 21% of hospitalizations involved SUDs, particularly affecting younger individuals, males, and those with lower incomes.
- Significant links were identified between SUDs and various vascular events, such as acute ischemic strokes and myocardial infarctions, with higher odds ratios for specific substances like amphetamines, cocaine, and nicotine.
Article Synopsis
- Atrial fibrillation (AF) is linked to increased risks during allogeneic stem cell transplants (ASCT), but its independent effects hadn't been fully explored before.
- Data from over 77,000 ASCT cases between 2002 and 2019 showed that patients with AF had nearly three times the risk of dying post-transplant compared to those without AF.
- The study highlights the need for better pretransplant evaluations and management of cardiovascular conditions to enhance patient outcomes during hospitalization.
Article Synopsis
- The study compared outcomes of patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) and complex coronary disease who underwent either percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
- No significant differences in major cardiac adverse events (MACE) or survival rates were found between PCI and CABG after 30 days.
- However, during long-term follow-up, PCI was linked to a higher risk of MACE compared to CABG, although both procedures had similar rates of stroke and all-cause mortality.
Article Synopsis
- A 51-year-old man with a history of diffuse lymphadenopathy presented with chest pain and a rash on his lower legs.
- After undergoing various diagnostic tests including imaging, lab tests, and biopsy, he was diagnosed with rheumatoid vasculitis.
- His condition was notably complicated by an unusual case of constrictive pericarditis.
Background: Due to the current Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there is a realization for innovation in procedures and protocols to minimize hospital stay and at the same time ensure continued evidence-based treatment delivered to the patients. We present a same-day discharge protocol for transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVR) using MitraClip under general anaesthesia in a six-patient case series. This protocol aims to reduce the length of hospital stay, thereby minimizing potential for nosocomial COVID-19 infections and to promote safe discharge with cautious follow-up.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Contemporary data on stroke outcomes in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is limited, with 2.2% of the 215,938 patients studied suffering from stroke.
- Stroke results in significantly higher adjusted mortality (10.9% vs 3.1%) and reduced likelihood of being discharged home (10.2% vs 52.3%) compared to those who did not have a stroke.
- Key predictors for stroke include age, female sex, atrial fibrillation, chronic kidney disease, and peripheral vascular disease, with patients who suffered a stroke incurring higher costs ($63,367 vs $48,070) and longer hospital stays (8 days vs 4 days).
Article Synopsis
- This text discusses a systematic review that examines how COVID-19 affects the heart and lungs through different imaging techniques like echocardiography, lung ultrasound (LUS), and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging.
- The researchers searched databases like PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science for relevant studies and included a range of original studies and case series in their review.
- The findings highlight common abnormalities found in patients with COVID-19 as observed through these imaging methods.
Article Synopsis
- Recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is a frequent issue for patients who have undergone left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation, prompting the need for effective prevention strategies.
- This study conducted a network meta-analysis of 13 observational studies to compare the effectiveness of six different pharmacologic interventions aimed at preventing GIB.
- The findings indicated that thalidomide, omega-3 fatty acids, octreotide, and danazol significantly reduced the risk of recurrent GIB, while ACE inhibitors/ARBs and digoxin showed no notable benefits.
Article Synopsis
- - The COVID-19 pandemic forced healthcare systems to adapt, leading to a case series exploring same-day discharge (SDD) for patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) with remote cardiac monitoring.
- - Six patients with severe aortic stenosis successfully had TAVR, were monitored for three hours, and discharged on the same day with remote monitoring if no complications arose.
- - This approach potentially reduces COVID-19 exposure risks while ensuring safe recovery for selected patients following TAVR procedures.
Article Synopsis
- Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is linked to a poor prognosis, particularly when patients have concurrent arrhythmias, which were found in 36.1% of hospital admissions over a two-year study period.
- Patients with CA and arrhythmias experienced significantly higher all-cause mortality rates (13.9% vs. 5.3%) and increased instances of heart failure exacerbation compared to those without arrhythmias.
- The hospitalization costs and length of stay were also notably greater for CA patients with arrhythmias, indicating a trend of worse outcomes and higher healthcare burdens in this group.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates right ventricular failure (RVF) after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) surgery, focusing on measuring changes in right ventricle strains using echocardiography techniques.
- - It analyzed 17 studies, finding that patients experiencing RVF had significantly lower right ventricle global longitudinal strain (RVGLS) and right ventricle free wall strain (RVFWS) compared to those who did not develop RVF.
- - The results suggest that TTE-derived strains could help predict RVF, while different findings were observed with transesophageal echocardiography (TEE).
Background: This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the utility of speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) as a tool to evaluate for cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) early in its course. Electrocardiography and echocardiography have limited sensitivity in this role, while advanced imaging modalities such as cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) are limited by cost and availability.
Methods: We compiled English language articles that reported left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) or global circumferential strain (GCS) in patients with confirmed extra-cardiac sarcoidosis versus healthy controls.
Article Synopsis
- COVID-19 is a global pandemic that can lead to serious heart-related issues like myocardial injury, heart attacks, and arrhythmias, among others.
- Patients with existing heart problems or other risk factors, such as age or weakened immune systems, face higher risks of these cardiovascular complications.
- The document discusses the cellular mechanisms, clinical symptoms, and treatment options for heart issues arising from COVID-19.
Article Synopsis
- The study compares two treatment methods for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients with multivessel coronary artery disease: percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) targeting only the culprit lesion versus multivessel PCI.
- Analyzing data from nine randomized controlled trials with a total of 6,930 patients, the findings suggest that while multivessel PCI reduces cardiac mortality, reinfarction, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), it does not show a significant advantage in overall mortality.
- The trial sequential analysis indicates that while there is evidence supporting the benefits of multivessel PCI for certain outcomes like revascularization, the evidence for a benefit in cardiac mortality and reinfarction remains inconclusive.
Article Synopsis
- Four adult cases of PAPVR are discussed, showcasing diverse clinical presentations and management challenges, including one patient treated medically.
- Surgical decisions for PAPVR depend on factors like symptoms, effectiveness of blood flow (shunt fraction), frequency of lung infections, and other heart-related issues. *