Protective Effects of Spondias mombin L. Juice Alone or in Combination With Lactobacillus acidophilus in 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Experimental Intestinal Mucositis.

Background: Evaluate the impact of Spondias mombin L. juice (SM), alone and in combination with Lactobacillus acidophilus, in an experimental model of intestinal mucositis.

Methods: Swiss mice were orally administered with saline, SM, or SM combined with L.

How does the storage volume of semi-arid reservoirs change water quality and modulate the diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates?

In the current environmental crisis scenario, it becomes increasingly important to understand the hydroclimatic effects on the availability and quality of water resources and their impacts on aquatic biodiversity. The understanding of how these components are interconnected is necessary to support initiatives for monitoring and managing water resources and protecting biodiversity. In this study, we analyzed the hierarchical effects and dissociated the complex relationships between the storage volume of tropical semi-arid reservoirs on water quality and the diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates.

Compensatory mechanisms amidst demyelinating disorders: insights into cognitive preservation.

Demyelination disrupts the transmission of electrical signals in the brain and affects neurodevelopment in children with disorders such as multiple sclerosis and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-associated disorders. Although cognitive impairments are prevalent in these conditions, some children maintain cognitive function despite substantial structural injury. These findings raise an important question: in addition to the degenerative process, do compensatory neural mechanisms exist to mitigate the effects of myelin loss? We propose that a multi-dimensional approach integrating multiple neuroimaging modalities, including diffusion tensor imaging, magnetoencephalography and eye-tracking, is key to investigating this question.

Red light-emitting diode on skin healing: an in vitro and in vivo experimental study.

Background: The clinical advantages of light-emitting diode (LED) therapy in skin healing and its underlying mechanism remain subjects of ongoing debate.

Objective: This study aims to explore the impact of LED therapy on normal skin keratinocytes (HaCaT) and in the repair of full-thickness dorsal wounds in Wistar rats.

Methods: HaCaT cell viability (SRB assay) and migration (scratch assay) were assessed under LED therapy, comparing stress conditions (2.

Productivity and economic performance of Nellore young bulls fed diets with increasing fiber content.

Adequate neutral detergent insoluble fiber (NDF) content in the total diet can improve intake efficiency, prevent rumen disorders, and enhance the health and performance of feedlot-finished beef cattle. We hypothesized that an increase in dietary fiber levels would decrease the productive performance but increase the economic performance of young bulls in confinement. Thus, it was aimed to evaluate the effect of increasing fiber levels on feed intake, wastage, and productive and economic performance of Nellore young bulls finished in confinement.

Network connectivity underlying information processing speed in children: Application of a pediatric brain tumor survivor injury model.

Elucidating how adaptive and maladaptive changes to the structural connectivity of brain networks influences neural synchrony, and how this structure-function coupling impacts cognition is an important question in human neuroscience. This study assesses these links in the default mode and executive control networks during resting state, a visual-motor task, and through computational modeling in the developing brain and in acquired brain injuries. Pediatric brain tumor survivors were used as an injury model as they are known to exhibit cognitive deficits, structural connectivity compromise, and perturbations in neural communication.

Workers' healthy eating practices during the COVID-19 pandemic and their relationship with physical activity and quality of life.

The lifestyle of the population has undergone significant changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which could have influenced alterations in dietary habits and overall well-being among workers. This study aimed to evaluate healthy eating practices and their relationship with the workers' quality of life and physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a cross-sectional investigation involving workers in the city of Curitiba, southern Brazil.

A web-based resource for exercise training in children treated for brain tumours to improve cognitive sequelae: Development and usability.

Unlabelled: Improving cognitive sequelae in children treated for brain tumours (CTBT) requires accessible interventions. While instructor-led exercise in a hospital setting is efficacious, it is not extended to communities.

Objectives: We aimed to (i) develop a website with educational resources/tools for community health and fitness professionals (HFP) to deliver exercise for CTBT in community settings to improve cognition and (ii) assess its usability by community HFP.

Geraniol Potentiates the Effect of Fluconazole against Planktonic and Sessile Cells of Azole-Resistant : In Vitro and In Vivo Analyses.

is regarded as an opportunistic pathogen, causing diseases ranging from superficial infections to life-threatening disseminated infections. The ability of this yeast to form biofilms and develop resistance to antifungals represents a significant therapeutic challenge. Herein, the effect of geraniol (GER), alone and combined with fluconazole (FLZ), was evaluated in the planktonic and sessile cells of azole-resistant .

Can Gentisic Acid Serve as a High-Performance Antioxidant with Lower Toxicity for a Promising New Topical Application?

Gentisic acid (2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid) is primarily found naturally in plants and has demonstrated a significant range of biological activities; however, its efficacy and safety as a topical application ingredient are not yet well established. Thus, the compound's potential antioxidant and antimicrobial properties were evaluated for efficacy, while the cytotoxicity was evaluated for safety. The antioxidant activity, measured by the DPPH kinetic method, showed an Efficiency Concentration (EC) of 0.

A systematic review of exergame usability as home-based balance training tool for older adults usability of exergames as home-based balance training.

Background: Exergames are a fun, viable, attractive, and safe way to engage in physical exercise for most patient populations, including older adults. Their use in the home environment enables an expanded understanding about its applicability and its impact on clinical outcomes that can contribute to improved functionality and quality of life in this population. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the evidence on the usability of exergames as a tool for home-based balance training in older adults.

Endothelium-related biomarkers and cognitive decline in prevalent hemodialysis patients: A prospective cohort study.

Introduction: Cognitive decline is prevalent in maintenance hemodialysis patients. The blood-brain barrier has been implicated in cognitive decline. In this prospective cohort study, we investigated the associations between endothelium-related biomarkers and steeper cognitive decline in this population.

Preparations offered to workers in different food services: application of the score for qualitative assessment of preparations.

The quality of preparations offered in the workplace can vary according to the different segments of food services and may impact the health of the workers. This study aimed to qualitatively assess the food preparation offered to workers in from different food services. A total of 384 preparations were offered to workers in Curitiba City, Brazil.

Combined oral contraceptive use and obesity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogenous endocrine condition and combined oral contraceptives (COCs) have been demonstrated to be the first-line treatment to women who do not intend to become pregnant. The combination of COCs and PCOS may or may not amplify the risks of cardiovascular events.

Objective: To investigate whether surrogates for obesity may be influenced by the use of COCs containing different formulations in women with PCOS.

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Older Adults Who Participate in Group Physical Exercise Program.

The COVID pandemic exposed the vulnerability of older adults in myriad ways and social service organizations faced unprecedented challenges in safely providing support for older adults. Since 2007, Hawai'i Healthy Aging Partnership (HHAP) has offered Enhance®Fitness, an evidence-based program to reduce the risk of falls and promote health among older adults. Due to the pandemic, all the Enhance®Fitness sites had to close and stop offering the program.

Health care accessibility and mobility in breast cancer: a Latin American perspective.

Background: Latin America (LATAM) encompasses a vast region with diverse populations. Despite publicly funded health care systems providing universal coverage, significant socioeconomic and ethno-racial disparities persist in health care access across the region. Breast cancer (BC) incidence and mortality rates in Brazil are comparable to those in other LATAM countries, supporting the relevance of Brazilian data, with Brazil's health care policies and expenditures often serving as models for neighboring countries.

Synthesis Studies and the Evaluation of C Raloxifene Derivatives.

Methodology is described for the synthesis of C derivatives of raloxifene, a prescribed drug for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis. Studies have explored the incorporation of electron-withdrawing substituents at C of the benzothiophene core. Efficient processes are also examined to introduce hydrogen bond donor and acceptor functionality.

The Ecosystem as Super-Organ/ism, Revisited: Scaling Hydraulics to Forests under Climate Change.

Classic debates in community ecology focused on the complexities of considering an ecosystem as a super-organ or organism. New consideration of such perspectives could clarify mechanisms underlying the dynamics of forest carbon dioxide (CO2) uptake and water vapor loss, important for predicting and managing the future of Earth's ecosystems and climate system. Here, we provide a rubric for considering ecosystem traits as aggregated, systemic, or emergent, i.

Pinpointing the causal influences of stomatal anatomy and behavior on minimum, operational, and maximum leaf surface conductance.

Leaf surface conductance to water vapor and CO2 across the epidermis (gleaf) strongly determines the rates of gas exchange. Thus, clarifying the drivers of gleaf has important implications for resolving the mechanisms of photosynthetic productivity and leaf and plant responses and tolerance to drought. It is well recognized that gleaf is a function of the conductances of the stomata (gs) and of the epidermis + cuticle (gec).

How does the consumer choose a restaurant? An overview of the determinants of consumer satisfaction.

The failure rate of restaurants is high in many countries, primarily because of the complex relationships between services and customers. Therefore, improving restaurant customer experience is a significant challenge for entrepreneurs. This multi-dimensional experience encompasses several aspects that may or may not be related to food consumption.

How and why do species break a developmental trade-off? Elucidating the association of trichomes and stomata across species.

Premise: Previous studies have suggested a trade-off between trichome density (D) and stomatal density (D) due to shared cell precursors. We clarified how, when, and why this developmental trade-off may be overcome across species.

Methods: We derived equations to determine the developmental basis for D and D in trichome and stomatal indices (i and i) and the sizes of epidermal pavement cells (e), trichome bases (t), and stomata (s) and quantified the importance of these determinants of D and D for 78 California species.

Study of defensive behavior of a venomous snake as a new approach to understand snakebite.

Snakebites affect millions of people worldwide. The majority of research and management about snakebites focus on venom and antivenom, with less attention given to snake ecology. The fundamental factor in snakebites is the snakes' defensive biting behavior.