Predictors of evidence-based psychotherapy initiation among veterans with co-occurring PTSD and substance use disorder.

Objective: To compare initiation of PTSD evidence-based psychotherapy (EBP) between Veterans with and without a co-occurring substance use disorder (SUD), and identify factors associated with EBP initiation among Veterans with PTSD-SUD.

Method: A national sample of Veterans with PTSD ( = 301,872) and PTSD-SUD ( = 94,515) were identified from VA Electronic Health Record data. Treatment initiation was defined as having at least one mental health encounter associated with Cognitive Processing Therapy or Prolonged Exposure therapy.

Characterizing and Comparing Evidence-Based Psychotherapy Utilization Among Veterans with Co-occurring PTSD and Substance Use Disorder.

: The current study sought to describe a nationally representative sample of Veterans diagnosed with co-occurring PTSD and substance use disorder (SUD) who initiated and completed evidence-based psychotherapy (EBP) for PTSD, and explored whether completion rates differed by SUD subtype. : Using electronic health record data from the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) Corporate Data Warehouse, Veterans with a dual diagnosis of PTSD and SUD who initiated either Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT) or Prolonged Exposure (PE) between January 01, 2019 and July 16, 2019 were identified ( = 2,996). Logistic analyses were employed to determine whether there were differences in EBP completion rates among Veterans with an alcohol use disorder (AUD;  = 1,383) versus all other SUDs  = 1,613).

Organotin and organochlorine toxicants activate key translational regulatory proteins in human immune cells.

Environmental contaminant exposures occur due to the widespread use of synthetic chemicals. Tributyltin (TBT), dibutyltin (DBT), and pentachlorophenol (PCP) are each used in a variety of applications, including antifouling paints and stabilizers in certain plastics. Each of these compounds has been found in human blood, as well as other tissues, and they have been shown to stimulate pro-inflammatory cytokine production in human immune cells, Inflammatory cytokines mediate response to injury or infection.

Measuring Experiential Avoidance and Posttraumatic Stress in Families.

Experiential avoidance (EA) is receiving attention as an emotion regulation strategy and critical factor in the development and maintenance of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Evidence suggests that EA explains co-varying relationships among topographically dissimilar problem behaviors. The transmission of emotion regulatory strategies is important to understanding the development of these problems. EA may be a learned response style.

Measuring Experiential Avoidance: Evidence toward Multidimensional Predictors of Trauma Sequelae.

The current study sought to investigate measurement discrepancies in self-report assessment of experiential avoidance (EA). Recent research indicates that EA may be more appropriately conceptualized as a multidimensional construct, operationally defined in terms of specific avoidance strategies. To test this notion, EA was measured using two self-report assessment instruments, the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II) and the Multidimensional Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire (MEAQ) in a convenience sample of university students.