Global amyloid burden enhances network efficiency of tau propagation in the brain.

Background: Amyloid-β (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau are crucial biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis, interacting synergistically to accelerate disease progression. While Aβ initiates cascades leading to tau hyperphosphorylation and neurofibrillary tangles, PET imaging studies suggest a sequential progression from amyloidosis to tauopathy, closely linked with neurocognitive symptoms.

Objective: To analyze the complex interactions between Aβ and tau in AD using probabilistic graphical models, assessing how regional tau accumulation is influenced by Aβ burden.

PodGPT: An audio-augmented large language model for research and education.

The proliferation of scientific podcasts has generated an extensive repository of audio content, rich in specialized terminology, diverse topics, and expert dialogues. Here, we introduce a computational framework designed to enhance large language models (LLMs) by leveraging this informational content from publicly accessible podcast data across science, technology, engineering, mathematics and medical (STEMM) disciplines. This dataset, comprising over 3, 700 hours of audio content, was transcribed to generate over 42 million text tokens.

Survival analysis on subchondral bone length for total knee replacement.

Objective: Use subchondral bone length (SBL), a new MRI-derived measure that reflects the extent of cartilage loss and bone flattening, to predict the risk of progression to total knee replacement (TKR).

Methods: We employed baseline MRI data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI), focusing on 760 men and 1214 women with bone marrow lesions (BMLs) and joint space narrowing (JSN) scores, to predict the progression to TKR. To minimize bias from analyzing both knees of a participant, only the knee with a higher Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade was considered, given its greater potential need for TKR.

Atypical vocal quality in women with the FMR1 premutation: an indicator of impaired sensorimotor control.

Women with the FMR1 premutation are susceptible to motor involvement related to atypical cerebellar function, including risk for developing fragile X tremor ataxia syndrome. Vocal quality analyses are sensitive to subtle differences in motor skills but have not yet been applied to the FMR1 premutation. This study examined whether women with the FMR1 premutation demonstrate differences in vocal quality, and whether such differences relate to FMR1 genetic, executive, motor, or health features of the FMR1 premutation.