Qualified nurses' knowledge of the biosciences: Systematic scoping review.

Aim: To appraise and synthesise empirical studies on the use of bioscience knowledge in clinical work by qualified nurses. It is assumed that post-registration courses should teach biosciences so that it can be used by qualified nurses in clinical practice. This is about understanding what knowledge is being used to direct patient care, to ensure that the right decisions are being made for the right reasons.

Towards inclusive healthcare: evaluating knowledge, confidence and awareness of LGBTQ + health among Internal Medicine Trainees in London.

Background: Patients from the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer plus (LGBTQ +) community face various health inequalities and report poor healthcare experiences. Little is known about how knowledgeable and confident UK doctors are around LGBTQ + health, and previous research demonstrates that UK medical schools rarely deliver teaching in this area. This research evaluated the level of knowledge, awareness and confidence of LGBTQ + health among Internal Medical Trainees (IMTs) in London.

What Are the Economic Arguments for Mandating LGBT+ Health Training for Healthcare Providers? An Economic Evaluation of the Impacts of LGBT+ Health Training on Cervical Screening.

: Equitable access to healthcare is a priority of many healthcare systems, aiming to ensure access is driven by need and not minority groups such as those defined by sexual orientation. However, there are healthcare areas where inequity in access across sexual orientation groups is found that are not justified based on need. Mandated LGBTQ+-specific training of the healthcare workforce may help address some barriers of access for these groups.

Association of oral contraceptive pill use and depression among US women.

Background: The link between oral contraceptive pill (OCP) and depression is still unclear. This work analyses the prevalence and correlates of major depression in US women using OCP.

Methods: This study used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2012 data to provide the prevalence and correlates of major depression in women using OCP.

Bisexual People Experience Worse Health Outcomes in England: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Survey in Primary Care.

Persistent inequalities in relation to health outcomes continue to exist among patients identifying as lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB), and very little is known about outcomes specific to bisexual populations. This study's aim was to compare the health of individuals identifying as LGB with heterosexual counterparts within primary care in England. Cross-sectional survey data from the year 10 (2015/2016) English General Practice Patient Survey (GPPS) dataset, which consisted of 836,312 responses (38.

Prevalence of alcohol use amongst sexual and gender minority (LGBTQ+) communities in the UK: a systematic scoping review.

Background: globally, alcohol use rates vary by sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI), but UK government statistics on alcohol use in the LGBTQ+ population are missing.

Aim: this systematic scoping review determined the prevalence of alcohol use amongst gender and sexual minority people in the UK.

Methods: empirical UK studies from 2010 onwards reporting the prevalence of alcohol use in SOGI compared with heterosexual/cisgender people were included.

Improving Time to Independent Oral Feeding to Expedite Hospital Discharge in Preterm Infants.

Background And Objectives: Achievement of independent oral feedings remains the most common barrier to discharge in preterm infants. Early oral feeding initiation may be associated with a lower postmenstrual age (PMA) at independent oral feeding and discharge. In preterm infants born between 25 and 32 weeks' gestation, our aim was to decrease the PMA at independent oral feedings and discharge by 1 week between June 2019 and June 2020.

Why Are the Proportions of In-Vitro Fertilisation Interventions for Same Sex Female Couples Increasing?

Same-sex female couples who wish to become pregnant can choose donor insemination or in-vitro fertilization (IVF)-a technique intended for infertile women. In general, women in same-sex female partnerships are no more likely to be infertile than those in opposite sex partnerships. This article investigates data available from the Government Regulator of UK fertility clinics-the Human Fertilization and Embryology Authority, which is the only data available worldwide on same-sex female couples and their fertility choices.

A Conceptual Review of Loneliness in Adults: Qualitative Evidence Synthesis.

The paper reports an evidence synthesis of how loneliness is conceptualised in qualitative studies in adults. Using PRISMA guidelines, our review evaluated exposure to or experiences of loneliness by adults (aged 16+) in any setting as outcomes, processes, or both. Our initial review included any qualitative or mixed-methods study, published or unpublished, in English, from 1945 to 2018, if it employed an identified theory or concept for understanding loneliness.

Are we asking the right questions? Working with the LGBTQ+ community to prioritise healthcare research themes.

Background: Conversations about research priorities with members of the public are rarely designed specifically to include people who identify as Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Queer (LGBTQ+) and are not researchers.

Methods: Generally, to address this gap, and specifically, to inform future research for CLS, we carried out a rapid review of published research priority sets covering LGBTQ+ topics, and an online workshop to prioritise identified themes.

Results: Rapid review: results.

Long-term conditions among sexual minority adults in England: evidence from a cross-sectional analysis of responses to the English GP Patient Survey.

Background: Epidemiological evidence for specific long-term conditions is required to inform best practices regarding the substantial health inequalities experienced by sexual minority individuals compared with heterosexual peers.

Aim: To describe inequalities in long-term conditions among sexual minority (lesbian, gay, and bisexual [LGB]) adults.

Design & Setting: Cross-sectional analysis of 1 341 339 nationally representative survey responses from the English GP Patient Survey (GPPS).

Sexual Orientation and the Incidence of COVID-19: Evidence from Understanding Society in the UK Longitudinal Household Study.

COVID-19 infection rates and severity are worse in marginalised groups, although, for sexual and gender minorities, there are no data on infections, hospitalisations or deaths, but there may be worse rates. This study uses information from Understanding Society: The UK Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS) to derive COVID-19 symptoms and positive tests by sexual orientation. Data came from all seven UKHLS COVID-19 survey waves in 2020 and 2021, and sexual orientation in main UKHLS waves 3 and 9.

Life under COVID-19 for LGBT+ people in the UK: systematic review of UK research on the impact of COVID-19 on sexual and gender minority populations.

Objective: To systematically review all published and unpublished evidence on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health and well-being of UK sexual and gender minority (LGBT+; lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, non-binary, intersex and queer) people.

Methods: Any relevant studies with or without comparator were included, with outcomes of: COVID-19 incidence, hospitalisation rates, illness severity, death rates, other health and well-being. Six databases (platforms) were searched-CINAHL Plus (Ovid), Cochrane Central (Cochrane Library), Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), Science Citation Index (Web of Science) and Scopus between 2019 and 2020 in December 2020, using synonyms for sexual and gender minorities and COVID-19 search terms.

International clinical practice guidelines for gender minority/trans people: systematic review and quality assessment.

Objectives: To identify and critically appraise published clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) regarding healthcare of gender minority/trans people.

Design: Systematic review and quality appraisal using AGREE II (Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation tool), including stakeholder domain prioritisation.

Setting: Six databases and six CPG websites were searched, and international key opinion leaders approached.

Cervical screening attendance and cervical cancer risk among women who have sex with women.

Objectives: To describe cervical cancer screening participation among women who have sex exclusively with women (WSEW) and women who have sex with women and men (WSWM) compared with women who have sex exclusively with men (WSEM), and women who have never had sex and compare this with bowel (colorectal) and breast screening participation. To explore whether there is evidence of differential stage 3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN3) or cervical cancer risk.

Methods: We describe cervical, bowel and breast cancer screening uptake in age groups eligible for the national screening programmes, prevalent CIN3 and cervical cancer at baseline, and incident CIN3 and cervical cancer at five years follow-up, among 218,674 women in UK Biobank, a cohort of healthy volunteers from the UK.

Systems approach to health service design, delivery and improvement: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To systematically review the evidence base for a systems approach to healthcare design, delivery or improvement.

Design: Systematic review with meta-analyses.

Methods: Included were studies in any patients, in any healthcare setting where a systems approach was compared with usual care which reported quantitative results for any outcomes for both groups.

The role of social capital in participatory arts for wellbeing: findings from a qualitative systematic review.

Background: Social capital is often cited as shaping impacts of participatory arts, although the concept has not been systematically mapped in arts, health and wellbeing contexts. In wider health inequalities research, complex, differential, and sometimes negative impacts of social capital have been recognised.

Methods: This paper maps of social capital concepts in qualitative research as part of the UK What Works for Wellbeing evidence review programme on culture, sport and wellbeing.

Sex Hormone Levels in Lesbian, Bisexual, and Heterosexual Women: Systematic Review and Exploratory Meta-Analysis.

Lesbian and bisexual women may have different levels of sex hormones compared to heterosexual women. We systematically reviewed comparative studies measuring any sex hormones. A protocol was prospectively registered (PROSPERO-CRD42017072436) and searches conducted in six databases.

Quantitative assessment of nutritive sucking patterns in preterm infants.

Objective: To assess patterns of nutritive sucking in very preterm infants ≤32 weeks of gestation.

Study Design: Very preterm infants who attained independent oral feeding were prospectively assessed with an instrumented feeding bottle that measures nutritive sucking. The primary outcome measure was nutritive sucking performance at independent oral feeding.

The effectiveness of community-based social innovations for healthy ageing in middle- and high-income countries: a systematic review.

Objectives: Community-based social innovations (CBSIs) are one type of intervention that may help to address the complex needs of ageing populations globally. The aim of this research was to assess evidence for the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of CBSIs involving in such contexts.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review of CBSIs for healthy ageing in middle- and high-income countries, including any CBSI that aimed to empower people aged 50 and over by motivating them to take initiative for their own health and wellbeing.

A Systematic Review of UK Educational and Training Materials Aimed at Health and Social Care Staff about Providing Appropriate Services for LGBT+ People.

Background: There is greater dissatisfaction with health services by LGBT people compared to heterosexual and cisgender people and some of this is from lack of equality and diversity training for health professionals. Core training standards in sexual orientation for health professionals have been available since 2006. The purpose of this project is to systematically review educational materials for health and social care professionals in lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) issues.

A Systematic Review of Sexual Minority Women's Experiences of Health Care in the UK.

Sexual minority women (SMW) experience worse health and disproportionate behavioural risks to health than heterosexual women. This mixed-methods systematic review evaluated recent studies on health experiences of UK SMW, published 2010-2018. Analysis was through narrative thematic description and synthesis.

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for chronic pain - an overview of Cochrane Reviews.

Background: Chronic pain, considered to be pain lasting more than three months, is a common and often difficult to treat condition that can significantly impact upon function and quality of life. Treatment typically includes pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is an adjunct non-pharmacological treatment commonly recommended by clinicians and often used by people with pain.

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for chronic pain - an overview of Cochrane Reviews.

Background: Chronic pain, considered to be pain lasting more than three months, is a common and often difficult to treat condition that can significantly impact upon function and quality of life. Treatment typically includes pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is an adjunct non-pharmacological treatment commonly recommended by clinicians and often used by people with pain.