Parkinson's Disease: Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Disease Progression.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disease that causes both motor and nonmotor symptoms. While our understanding of putative mechanisms has advanced significantly, it remains challenging to verify biomarkers with sufficient evidence for regular clinical use. Clinical symptoms are the primary basis for diagnosing the disease, which can be mild in the early stages and overlap with other neurological disorders.

Chromosome-level genome assembly and comparative genomics shed light on Helicoverpa assulta ecology and pest management.

Background: The Oriental tobacco budworm, Helicoverpa assulta, a specialist herbivorous insect that exclusively feeds on plants of the Solanaceae family, causes considerable damage to crops, such as tobacco and hot pepper. The absence of a genome sequence for this species hinders further research on its pest management and ecological adaptation.

Results: Here, we present a high-quality chromosome-level genome of a Korean strain of H.

Decision support system for community managed rainwater harvesting: A case study in the salinity-prone coastal region of Bangladesh.

Climate change-induced saline intrusion into both surface and groundwater, extreme weather events, and unregulated water usage are serious threats to the drinking water supply in coastal areas worldwide, especially in least-developed countries. This research developed a data-driven decision-making methodology to evaluate the performance of rainwater harvesting (RWH) systems in the saline-prone southwestern coastal region of Bangladesh. Twenty-five community managed RWH systems, recently piloted in two major coastal districts, were considered the case study to develop and validate this evaluation tool.

Potential Inhibitors of Lumpy Skin Disease's Viral Protein (DNA Polymerase): A Combination of Bioinformatics Approaches.

Lumpy skin disease (LSD), caused by a virus within the family and genus, induces nodular skin lesions in cattle. This spreads through direct contact and insect vectors, significantly affecting global cattle farming. Despite the availability of vaccines, their efficacy is limited by poor prophylaxis and adverse effects.

Genome-Wide Exploration of Long Non-Coding RNAs of in Response to Pyrethroid Insecticide Resistance.

Genome-wide long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in low, moderate, and high pyrethroid insecticide-resistant and -susceptible strains of were identified in this study. Using 45 illumina-based RNA-sequencing datasets, 8394 lncRNAs were identified. In addition, a sublethal dose of deltamethrin was administered to a Korean-resistant strain (Kor-T).

Exaptation of I4760M mutation in ryanodine receptor of Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Lessons from museum and field samples.

Since 2007, diamide insecticides have been widely used in Korea to control various types of lepidopteran pests including Spodoptera exigua. For nearly a decade, diamide resistance in field populations of S. exigua across 18 localities has been monitored using bioassays.

(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Life Table Comparisons and Gut Microbiome Analysis Reared on Corn Varieties.

The fall armyworm (, FAW) is an invasive migratory pest that has recently spread to Korea, damaging several corn cultivars with significant economic value. Comparisons of the growth stages of FAW were conducted based on the preferred feed. Therefore, we selected six maize cultivars, including three categories: (i) commercial waxy corn (mibaek 2-ho, heukjeom 2-ho, dreamoak); (ii) popcorn (oryun popcorn, oryun 2-ho); and (iii) processing corn (miheukchal).

Genetic Diversity of Dengue Vector Collected from South Korea, Japan, and Laos.

is native to Southeast Asia and has emerged as a major vector for vector-borne diseases that are spreading rapidly worldwide. Recent studies have shown that populations have different genetic groups dependent on their thermal adaptations; however, studies on Korean populations are limited. In this study, we analyzed the genetic diversity and structure of two mitochondrial genes ( and ) and sixteen microsatellites in mosquitoes inhabiting Korea, Japan, and Laos.

Development of Molecular-Based Species Identification and Optimization of Reaction Conditions for Molecular Diagnosis of Three Major Asian Planthoppers (Hemiptera: Delphacidae).

Asian planthoppers (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) that include brown planthoppers (BPH, , Stål), white-backed planthoppers (WBPH, , Horváth), and small brown planthoppers (SBPH, , Fallén) are the primary sucking-type pests of rice. These three insects share morphological and sequence similarities. As insecticide resistance patterns and control strategies vary according to species, the accurate discrimination of these species is important.

design of epitope-based peptide vaccine against non-typhoidal through immunoinformatic approaches.

Non-typhoidal (NTS) is one of the leading bacterial causes of many invasive human infections with a high antibiotic resistance profile. With this concern, the current study aimed to design an effective epitope-based peptide vaccine against NTS species as a successive and substitutive protective measure of invasive NTS disease. To design rationally, the current study considered a comprehensive workflow combination of both immunoinformatics and molecular modeling approaches, including molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation.

Genome-Wide Searching Single Nucleotide-Polymorphisms (SNPs) and SNPs-Targeting a Multiplex Primer for Identification of Common Serotypes.

A rapid and high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)-based method was developed to improve detection and reduce salmonellosis burden. In this study, whole-genome sequence (WGS) was used to investigate SNPs, the most common genetic marker for identifying bacteria. SNP-sites encompassing 15 sets of primers (666-863 bp) were selected and used to amplify the target serovar strains, and the amplified products were sequenced.

Molecular Docking and Dynamics Simulation of Natural Compounds from Betel Leaves ( L.) for Investigating the Potential Inhibition of Alpha-Amylase and Alpha-Glucosidase of Type 2 Diabetes.

L. is widely distributed and commonly used medicinally important herb. It can also be used as a medication for type 2 diabetes patients.

Molecular Identification of Isolated from Korean Water Deer () and Striped Field Mouse () Feces by Using an SNP-Based 16S Ribosomal Marker.

Ambiguous, heterogeneous, endospore-forming species, notably , often produce fatal toxins that threaten human health. We identified from wild animal fecal samples ( = 80), including the Korean water deer ( = 25) and striped field mouse ( = 55). Using traditional culture-based methods, 25 animal fecal samples (31.

Development of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP)-Based Triplex PCR Marker for Serotype-specific Detection.

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are one of the most common forms of genetic variation and as such are powerful tools for the identification of bacterial strains, their genetic diversity, phylogenetic analysis, and outbreak surveillance. In this study, we used 15 sets of SNP-containing primers to amplify and sequence the target . Based on the combination of the 15-sequence primer sets, each SNP site encompassing forward and reverse primer sequences (620-919 bp) were aligned and an SNP-based marker was designed.

Exploring the impact of daily food habit and modification of lifestyle for boosting immunity against COVID-19.

The lockdown crisis due to novel coronavirus (COVID-19) mainly affected people who live under economic despair. Since boosting the immune system against the virus depends on a variety of food intake and lifestyle approaches; hence, it is crucial to know how daily food habits and lifestyle modification protect from pathogenic viral infections. This study focused on the benefit of plant-based foods, functional foods and the modified lifestyle which enhance the immunity of all aged groups against COVID-19 in Bangladesh.

Microbial Quality Assessment and Efficacy of Low-Cost Disinfectants on Fresh Fruits and Vegetables Collected from Urban Areas of Dhaka, Bangladesh.

This study aimed to examine the total viable bacteria (TVBC); total coliform (TCC); fecal coliform (TFC); pathogenic spp., and total fungi (TF); and the effect of different low-cost disinfectants (sterile water, salt water, blanched, and vinegar) in decontamination of 12 types of fruit and 10 types of vegetables. In fruit samples, the lowest TVBC was enumerated at 3.

Prevalence data of diarrheagenic in the fecal pellets of wild rodents using culture methods and PCR assay.

Wild animals, such as rodents seem to be competent reservoir of bacteria-borne zoonotic diseases which disseminate in human. We investigated the presence of , Shiga toxin-producing (STEC), and in the feces of six category wild rodent species ( and ) captured from different agricultural regions in South Korea. Among them, , which account for 65% of total ( = 52) individuals, are most widely distributed and abundant in various agroecosystems in South Korea.

Network-based approach to identify molecular signatures and therapeutic agents in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a dynamic degeneration of the brain with progressive dementia. Considering the uncertainties in its molecular mechanism, in the present study, we employed network-based integrative analyses, and aimed to explore the key molecules and their associations with small drugs to identify potential biomarkers and therapeutic agents for the AD. First of all, we studied a transcriptome dataset and identified 1521 differentially expressed genes (DEGs).