Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of an inactivated infectious bronchitis virus vaccine candidate from a local isolate of Bangladesh.

Objective: Infectious bronchitis (IB), a highly infectious acute viral disease, is a major burden to the chicken industry worldwide. The research aimed to develop an inactivated IB vaccine using local isolates and assess its immunogenicity compared to other commercial live IB vaccines.

Materials And Methods: An inactivated vaccine using a candidate IB virus (PP067159.

Characterization of infectious laryngotracheitis virus isolated from commercial layer chickens in Bangladesh during the year 2021-2022.

Objective: Infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) is responsible for causing infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT), which is a rapidly spreading and extremely transmissible disease in chickens. The current research aims to isolate and characterize ILTV from layer chickens in Bangladesh.

Materials And Methods: A total of 345 samples (trachea, larynx, and lungs) were collected from ILT-suspected dead and sick layer chickens of 32 ILT-suspected farms in three different outbreak districts (Gazipur, Tangail, and Mymensingh) of Bangladesh during the outbreak year 2021-2022.

Characterization of the dominant strain (G-VII) of Newcastle disease viruses isolated from commercial chickens in Bangladesh during recent outbreaks.

Objective: Newcastle disease virus genotype VII (NDV-GVII), an extremely infectious pathogen, has been causing severe economic consequences for the chicken industry. The current study aimed to isolate and characterize NDV-GVII from commercial chickens in Bangladesh during a recent outbreak.

Materials And Methods: From clinically suspected chickens from 70 commercial poultry farms, a total of 420 samples (trachea, lungs, and brain tissue) were collected.

Development of pyramided lines carrying brown planthopper resistance genes in the genetic background of Indica Group rice ( L.) variety 'IR64'.

The development of resistant rice ( L.) varieties is a key strategy for the eco-friendly control of brown planthopper (BPH: Stål). However, BPH outbreaks occur frequently owing to the evolution of virulent strains in the field and the rapid breakdown of monogenic resistance to BPH.

Near-isogenic lines for resistance to brown planthopper with the genetic background of Indica Group elite rice ( L.) variety 'IR64'.

The brown planthopper (BPH), Stål, is an insect pest that severely damages rice ( L.) in Asia, causing huge yield loss. Use of resistant variety is a cost-effective and eco-friendly strategy for maintaining BPH populations below the economic injury level.

Effects of glucose and trehalose on tris-citric acid-egg yolk-fructose diluents for semen cryopreservation in goat.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the impacts of the wide range of concentrations of glucose and trehalose on the tris-citric acid-egg yolk-fructose (TCEF) extenders for cryopreservation of goat semen.

Materials And Methods: The sperm sample was pooled, washed, and diluted in control (TCEF without glucose and trehalose), TCEF + glucose (75, 150, 450, and 900 mm), and TCEF + trehalose (75, 150, 450, and 900 mm). After equilibrations, the semen straws were frozen under LN2 in the LN2 tank.

Effects of tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane and egg yolk on the cryopreservation of buck semen.

Objectives: This study was designed to examine the effects of various concentrations of tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane (tris) and egg yolk on the quality of cryopreserved buck sperm.

Materials And Methods: The collected semen samples were pooled, washed, and diluted into five different freezing extender groups, ., extender I (tris 0% + egg yolk 0%), extender II (tris 1.

Appraisal and validation of a method used for detecting heavy metals in poultry feed in Bangladesh.

Background And Aim: Low concentrations of heavy metals are toxic and pose a serious threat to human health and the environment. Therefore, regular assessments of the toxic metal content in poultry feed are crucial for evaluating feed quality and customer safety. It is difficult to determine the heavy metals in the poultry feed at the trace amount.

Review of anthrax: A disease of farm animals.

Anthrax is a rapidly fatal infectious disease affecting herbivores and people. In the farm animals, cattle and sheep are more susceptible, followed by goats and horses, while dwarf pigs and Algerian sheep are relatively resistant. , the causative agent of anthrax, produces spores and persists for decades in the soil, initiating an outbreak through a favorable climate shift.

Methodology for laboratory-based antimicrobial resistance surveillance in animals.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a crucial and emerging multifactorial "One Health" problem involving human and animal health, agriculture, aquaculture, and environment; and posing a potential public health hazard globally. The containment of AMR justifies effective surveillance programs to explicate the magnitude of the problem across the contributing sectors. Laboratory-based AMR testing and characterization is the key component of an AMR surveillance program.

Development of a rapid and reliable high-performance liquid chromatography method for determination of water-soluble vitamins in veterinary feed premix.

Background And Aim: Determination of trace amounts of vitamins in multi-component feed premix is a troublesome analytical procedure. In this study, a simple and rapid high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed and validated for the concurrent detection and quantitation of four water-soluble vitamins such as thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, and cyanocobalamin in veterinary feed premixes.

Materials And Methods: The chromatographic separation of the vitamins was carried out at 35°C temperature on a reversed-phase C18 column using a gradient pump mode.

Antimicrobial uses for livestock production in developing countries.

Antimicrobial is an indispensable part of veterinary medicine used for the treatment and control of diseases as well as a growth promoter in livestock production. Frequent use of antimicrobials in veterinary practices may lead to the residue in animal originated products and creates some potential problems for human health. The presence of antimicrobial residues in animal originated foods may induce serious health problems such as allergic reaction, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and lead to carcinogenic and mutagenic effects in the human body.

Antimicrobial resistance situation in animal health of Bangladesh.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a crucial multifactorial and complex global problem and Bangladesh poses a regional and global threat with a high degree of antibiotic resistance. Although the routine application of antimicrobials in the livestock industry has largely contributed to the health and productivity, it correspondingly plays a significant role in the evolution of different pathogenic bacterial strains having multidrug resistance (MDR) properties. Bangladesh is implementing the National Action Plan (NAP) for containing AMR in human, animal, and environment sectors through "One Health" approach where the Department of Livestock Services (DLS) is the mandated body to implement NAP strategies in the animal health sector of the country.

Altered chromatin condensation of heat-stressed spermatozoa perturbs the dynamics of DNA methylation reprogramming in the paternal genome after in vitro fertilisation in cattle.

Shortly after penetration of the oocyte, sperm DNA is actively demethylated, which is required for totipotent zygotic development. Aberrant DNA methylation is thought to be associated with altered chromatin condensation of spermatozoa. The objectives of this study were to investigate the dynamics of DNA methylation reprogramming in the paternal pronucleus and subsequent fertilisation potential of heat-stressed bull spermatozoa having altered chromatin condensation.

Preovulatory follicular and subsequent luteal size influence pregnancy success in water buffaloes.

The diameter of the preovulatory follicle (POF) and its effects on subsequent corpus luteum (CL) size and conception were studied in 38 lactating indigenous cycling buffaloes in the Mymensingh district of Bangladesh. Body condition score (BCS) at estrus was estimated for the buffaloes. The buffaloes were synchronized with two injections of a synthetic analogue of PGF2α administered 11 days apart.