Complete Mapping of Thermodynamic Stability of Ternary Oxide SrTiO (001) Surface at Finite Temperatures.

The oxide surface structure plays a vital role in controlling and utilizing the emergent phenomena occurring at the interface of nanoarchitecture. A complete understanding of ternary oxide surfaces remains challenging due to complex surface reconstructions in various chemical and physical environments. Here a thermodynamic framework is developed to treat the stability of ternary oxide surfaces with finite temperature and chemical environments.

Restoring private autism dataset from sanitized database using an optimized key produced from enhanced combined PSO-GWO framework.

The timely identification of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children is imperative to prevent potential challenges as they grow. When sharing data related to autism for an accurate diagnosis, safeguarding its security and privacy is a paramount concern to fend off unauthorized access, modification, or theft during transmission. Researchers have devised diverse security and privacy models or frameworks, most of which often leverage proprietary algorithms or adapt existing ones to address data leakage.

Hidden risk of terrestrial food chain contamination from organochlorine insecticides in a vegetable cultivation area of Northwest Bangladesh.

Organochlorine insecticide (OCI) exposures in terrestrial food chains from historical or current applications were studied in a vegetable production area in northwest Bangladesh. A total of 57 subsoil, 57 topsoil, and 57 vegetable samples, as well as 30 cow's milk samples, were collected from 57 farms. Multiple OCI residues were detected using GC-MS/MS with modified QuEChERS in 20 % of subsoils, 21 % of topsoils, 23 % of vegetables, and 7 % of cow's milk samples.

Pandemic vulnerability index of US cities: A hybrid knowledge-based and data-driven approach.

Cities become mission-critical zones during pandemics and it is vital to develop a better understanding of the factors that are associated with infection levels. The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted many cities severely; however, there is significant variance in its impact across cities. Pandemic infection levels are associated with inherent features of cities (e.

A Study on High-Rate Performance of Graphite Nanostructures Produced by Ball Milling as Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Graphite, with appealing features such as good stability, high electrical conductivity, and natural abundance, is still the main commercial anode material for lithium-ion batteries. The charge-discharge rate capability of graphite anodes is not significant for the development of mobile devices and electric vehicles. Therefore, the feasibility investigation of the rate capability enhancement of graphite by manipulating the structure is worthwhile and of interest.

Associations between COVID-19 Pandemic, Lockdown Measures and Human Mobility: Longitudinal Evidence from 86 Countries.

Recognizing an urgent need to understand the dynamics of the pandemic's severity, this longitudinal study is conducted to explore the evolution of complex relationships between the COVID-19 pandemic, lockdown measures, and social distancing patterns in a diverse set of 86 countries. Collecting data from multiple sources, a structural equation modeling (SEM) technique is applied to understand the interdependencies between independent variables, mediators, and dependent variables. Results show that lockdown and confinement measures are very effective to reduce human mobility at retail and recreation facilities, transit stations, and workplaces and encourage people to stay home and thereby control COVID-19 transmission at critical times.

Machine Learning on the COVID-19 Pandemic, Human Mobility and Air Quality: A Review.

The ongoing COVID-19 global pandemic is touching every facet of human lives (e.g., public health, education, economy, transportation, and the environment).

Spatio-temporal prediction of the COVID-19 pandemic in US counties: modeling with a deep LSTM neural network.

Prediction of complex epidemiological systems such as COVID-19 is challenging on many grounds. Commonly used compartmental models struggle to handle an epidemiological process that evolves rapidly and is spatially heterogeneous. On the other hand, machine learning methods are limited at the beginning of the pandemics due to small data size for training.

Public Perceptions of COVID-19 Vaccines: Policy Implications from US Spatiotemporal Sentiment Analytics.

There is a compelling and pressing need to better understand the temporal dynamics of public sentiment towards COVID-19 vaccines in the US on a national and state-wise level for facilitating appropriate public policy applications. Our analysis of social media data from early February and late March 2021 shows that, despite the overall strength of positive sentiment and despite the increasing numbers of Americans being fully vaccinated, negative sentiment towards COVID-19 vaccines still persists among segments of people who are hesitant towards the vaccine. In this study, we perform sentiment analytics on vaccine tweets, monitor changes in public sentiment over time, contrast vaccination sentiment scores with actual vaccination data from the US CDC and the Household Pulse Survey (HPS), explore the influence of maturity of Twitter user-accounts and generate geographic mapping of tweet sentiments.

First Detection of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in Wild Frogs from Bangladesh.

Global amphibian populations are facing a novel threat, chytridiomycosis, caused by the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), which is responsible for the severe decline of a number of species across several continents. Chytridiomycosis in Asia is a relatively recent discovery yet there have been no reports on Bd-presence in Bangladeshi amphibians. We conducted a preliminary study on 133 wild frogs from seven sites in Bangladesh between April and July 2018.

Artificial neural network with Taguchi method for robust classification model to improve classification accuracy of breast cancer.

Artificial neural networks (ANN) perform well in real-world classification problems. In this paper, a robust classification model using ANN was constructed to enhance the accuracy of breast cancer classification. The Taguchi method was used to determine the suitable number of neurons in a single hidden layer of the ANN.

Socioeconomic factors analysis for COVID-19 US reopening sentiment with Twitter and census data.

Investigating and classifying sentiments of social media users (e.g., positive, negative) towards an item, situation, and system are very popular among researchers.

A Review of Machine Learning Methods of Feature Selection and Classification for Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), according to DSM-5 in the American Psychiatric Association, is a neurodevelopmental disorder that includes deficits of social communication and social interaction with the presence of restricted and repetitive behaviors. Children with ASD have difficulties in joint attention and social reciprocity, using non-verbal and verbal behavior for communication. Due to these deficits, children with autism are often socially isolated.

Electrochemical Sodiation/Desodiation into MnO Nanoparticles.

MnO is considered to be a promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) because of its low cost, high capacity, and enhanced safety. However, the inferior cyclic stability of the MnO anode is a major challenge for the development of SIBs. In this study, a one-step solvothermal method was established to produce nanostructured MnO with an average particle size of 21 nm and a crystal size of 11 nm.

Vascular Surgery Practice Guidelines during COVID-19 Pandemic in a Setting of High Work Volume Against Limited Resources: Perspective of a Developing Country.

Background: The situation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the Indian subcontinent is worsening. In Bangladesh, rate of new infection has been on the rise despite limited testing facility. Constraint of resources in the health care sector makes the fight against COVID-19 more challenging for a developing country like Bangladesh.

Feeling Positive About Reopening? New Normal Scenarios From COVID-19 US Reopen Sentiment Analytics.

The Coronavirus pandemic has created complex challenges and adverse circumstances. This research identifies public sentiment amidst problematic socioeconomic consequences of the lockdown, and explores ensuing four potential public sentiment associated scenarios. The severity and brutality of COVID-19 have led to the development of extreme feelings, and emotional and mental healthcare challenges.

Investigation on the Electrochemical Performances of MnO as a Potential Anode for Na-Ion Batteries.

Currently, the development of the sodium-ion (Na-ion) batteries as an alternative to lithium-ion batteries has been accelerated to meet the energy demands of large-scale power applications. The difficulty of obtaining suitable electrode materials capable of storing large amount of Na-ion arises from the large radius of Na-ion that restricts its reversible capacity. Herein, MnO powders are synthesised through the thermal conversion of MnCO and reported for the first time as an anode for Na-ion batteries.

production of a two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide/graphene hybrid nanosheet anode for lithium-ion batteries.

A solvent-free, low-cost, high-yield and scalable single-step ball milling process is developed to construct 2D MoS/graphene hybrid electrodes for lithium-ion batteries. Electron microscopy investigation reveals that the obtained hybrid electrodes consist of numerous nanosheets of MoS and graphene which are randomly distributed. The MoS/graphene hybrid anodes exhibit excellent cycling stability with high reversible capacities (442 mA h g for MoS/graphene (40 h); 553 mA h g for MoS/graphene (20 h); 342 mA h g for MoS/graphene (10 h)) at a high current rate of 250 mA g after 100 cycles, whereas the pristine MoS electrode shows huge capacity fading with a retention of 37 mA h g at 250 mA g current after 100 cycles.

Nanocrystalline SnS coated onto reduced graphene oxide: demonstrating the feasibility of a non-graphitic anode with sulfide chemistry for potassium-ion batteries.

An anode material incorporating a sulfide is reported. SnS nanoparticles anchored onto reduced graphene oxide are produced via a chemical route and demonstrate an impressive capacity of 350 mA h g, exceeding the capacity of graphite. These results open the door for a new class of high capacity anode materials (based on sulfide chemistry) for potassium-ion batteries.

K-ion and Na-ion storage performances of CoO-FeO nanoparticle-decorated super P carbon black prepared by a ball milling process.

The hybridisation of CoO and FeO nanoparticles dispersed in a super P carbon matrix is proposed as a favourable approach to improve the electrochemical performance (reversible capacity, cycling stability and rate capability) of the metal oxide electrodes in metal-ion batteries. Hybrid CoO-FeO/C is prepared by a simple, cheap and easily scalable molten salt method combined with ball-milling and used in sodium-ion and potassium-ion batteries for the first time. The electrode exhibits excellent cycling stability and superior rate capability in sodium-ion cells with a capacity recovery of 440 mA h g (93% retention) after 180 long-term cycles at 50-1000 mA g and back to 50 mA g.

Lithium Germanate (Li GeO ): A High-Performance Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

A simple, cost-effective, and easily scalable molten salt method for the preparation of Li GeO as a new type of high-performance anode for lithium-ion batteries is reported. The Li GeO exhibits a unique porous architecture consisting of micrometer-sized clusters (secondary particles) composed of numerous nanoparticles (primary particles) and can be used directly without further carbon coating which is a common exercise for most electrode materials. The new anode displays superior cycling stability with a retained charge capacity of 725 mAh g after 300 cycles at 50 mA g .

Tin-based composite anodes for potassium-ion batteries.

The electrochemical behaviour of a Sn-based anode in a potassium cell is reported for the first time. The material is active at low potentials vs. K/K(+), and encouraging capacities of around 150 mA h g(-1) are recorded.

Understanding Structure-Function Relationship in Hybrid Co3O4-Fe2O3/C Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes.

A range of high-capacity Li-ion anode materials (conversion reactions with lithium) suffer from poor cycling stability and limited high-rate performance. These issues can be addressed through hybridization of multiple nanostructured components in an electrode. Using a Co3O4-Fe2O3/C system as an example, we demonstrate that the cycling stability and rate performance are improved in a hybrid electrode.

Ex situ electrochemical sodiation/desodiation observation of Co₃O₄ anchored carbon nanotubes: a high performance sodium-ion battery anode produced by pulsed plasma in a liquid.

Liquid plasma, produced by nanosecond pulses, provides an efficient and simple way to fabricate a nanocomposite architecture of Co3O4/CNTs from carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and clusters of Co3O4 nanoparticles in deionized water. The crucial feature of the composite's structure is that Co3O4 nanoparticle clusters are uniformly dispersed and anchored to CNT networks in which Co3O4 guarantees high electrochemical reactivity towards sodium, and CNTs provide conductivity and stabilize the anode structure. We demonstrated that the Co3O4/CNT nanocomposite is capable of delivering a stable and high capacity of 403 mA h g(-1) at 50 mA g(-1) after 100 cycles where the sodium uptake/extract is confirmed in the way of reversible conversion reaction by adopting ex situ techniques.

Electrochemical investigation of sodium reactivity with nanostructured Co3O4 for sodium-ion batteries.

The electrochemical behaviour of Co3O4 with sodium is reported here. Upon cycling in the voltage window of 0.01-3.