Aberrant alpha-smooth muscle actin expression in the lateral ventricle of knockout rats.

() is a causative gene for genetic hydrocephalus found in hemorrhagic hydrocephalus () mice. The knockout (KO) rat has subcortical heterotopia with frequent brain hemorrhage as seen in mice. In this study, we report aberrant alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression in the wall of lateral ventricle of the KO rats.

Compartmental Models Driven by Renewal Processes: Survival Analysis and Applications to SVIS Epidemic Models.

Compartmental models with exponentially distributed lifetime stages assume a constant hazard rate, limiting their scope. This study develops a theoretical framework for systems with general lifetime distributions, modeled as transition rates in a renewal process. Applications are provided for the SVIS (Susceptible-Vaccinated-Infected-Susceptible) disease epidemic model to investigate the impacts of hazard rate functions (HRFs) on disease control.

Diversity of Parasitic Fauna in Semi-Scavenging Indigenous Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in Bangladesh.

Background: Parasites are a major concern for profitable poultry production worldwide as they impede the health, welfare and production performance of poultry.

Objectives: The present study was designed to detect the diversity of parasitic fauna and associated factors of gastrointestinal (GI) helminths and lice in indigenous chickens.

Methods: A total of 310 indigenous chickens were collected from different villages at Gauripur and Mymensingh Sadar, Mymensingh, and Bangladesh, and various parasites were identified.

Synthesis of novel pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) C1-substituted monomers and dimers with DNA-binding activity and cytotoxicity.

The pyrrolobenzodiazepines (PBDs) represent a major class of sequence-selective DNA-alkylating molecules, one example of which, in its dimeric DNA-cross-linking form, is employed as the payload in the anticancer Antibody Drug Conjugate (ADC) loncastuximab tesirine-lpyl. To date, PBD analogues have been produced with substituents at every position of the tricyclic skeleton except the C1-position. We report here the first synthesis of a C1-subsitituted PBD monomer and dimer, both of which possess DNA-binding activity and cytotoxicity in a cancer cell line.

A Framework for Optimizing Deep Learning-Based Lane Detection and Steering for Autonomous Driving.

Improving the ability of autonomous vehicles to accurately identify and follow lanes in various contexts is crucial. This project aims to provide a novel framework for optimizing a self-driving vehicle that can detect lanes and steer accordingly. A virtual sandbox environment was developed in Unity3D that provides a semi-automated procedural road and driving generation framework for a variety of road scenarios.

In Silico Conotoxin Studies: Progress and Prospects.

Cone snails of the genus have evolved to produce structurally distinct and functionally diverse venom peptides for defensive and predatory purposes. This nature-devised delicacy enlightened drug discovery and for decades, the bioactive cone snail venom peptides, known as conotoxins, have been widely explored for their therapeutic potential, yet we know very little about them. With the augmentation of computational algorithms from the realms of bioinformatics and machine learning, in silico strategies have made substantial contributions to facilitate conotoxin studies although still with certain limitations.

Stomatal and Hydraulic Redundancy Allows Woody Species to Adapt to Arid Environments.

Functional redundancy is considered a pivotal mechanism for maintaining the adaptability of species by preventing the loss of key functions in response to dehydration. However, we still lack a comprehensive understanding of the redundancy of leaf hydraulic systems along aridity gradients. Here, photosynthesis (A), stomatal conductance (g) and leaf hydraulic conductance (K) during dehydration were measured in 20 woody species from a range of aridity index (AI) conditions and growing in a common garden to quantify stomatal redundancy (SR), the extent of stomatal opening beyond the optimum required for maximum photosynthesis (A), leaf hydraulic redundancy (HR), and the extent of leaf hydraulic conductance (K) beyond the optimum required for maximum g (g).

Early detection of subjective cognitive decline from self-reported symptoms: An interpretable attention-cost fusion approach.

Background And Objective: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) refers to self-reported difficulties in concentration, memory, and decision-making. Since SCD is based on subjective experiences, no specific medical test can definitively confirm its presence, making early detection challenging. Thus, it is advantageous to develop an AI model to capitalize on self-reported health complications, personality traits, and sociodemographic factors for early detection of SCD.

Comprehensive review of phthalate exposure: Health implications, biomarker detection and regulatory standards.

Phthalates are a wide family of chemicals that are used in many different industrial applications used in many different industrial applications, including the production of plastics, toys, food packaging particularly for kids, and medical equipment. Due to their various chemical and physical properties, phthalates may negatively impact humans, animals, and the environment. Thus the potential for phthalate exposure and harm to humans, animals, and the environment is high because its presence is alarming.

Aba-induced active stomatal closure in bulb scales of Lanzhou lily.

Abscisic acid (ABA) mediated stomatal closure is a highly effective mode of active stomatal regulation under drought stress. Previous studies on stomatal regulation have primarily focused on the leaves of vascular plants, while research on the stomatal behavior of bulbous plants remains unknown. In addition, ABA-induced stomatal regulation in bulbs has yet to be explored.

Analysis of jute-glass fiber reinforced epoxy hybrid composite.

This study investigated a composite material combining epoxy with hybrid jute (J) and glass (G) fibers. A straightforward and effective fabrication method was employed, utilizing five layers with various reinforcement materials. To identify the optimal combination, a comprehensive series of tests were conducted using a range of characterization instruments, including Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Universal Testing Machine (UTM), pendulum impact tester, density measurement, specific gravity evaluation, water absorption, and swelling thickness tests.

Diverse functional interactions between ABA and ethylene in plant development and responses to stress.

Abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene are two essential hormones that play crucial roles throughout the entire plant life cycle and in their tolerance to abiotic or biotic stress. In recent decades, increasing research has revealed that, in addition to their individual roles, these two hormones are more likely to function through their interactions, forming a complex regulatory network. More importantly, their functions change and their interactions vary from synergistic to antagonistic depending on the specific plant organ and development stage, which is less focused, compared and systematically summarized.

Excitonic Dark States in Molecular Monolayer Crystals.

The tightly bound excitons and strong dipole-dipole interactions in two-dimensional molecular crystals enable rich physics. Among them, superradiance (SR), the spontaneous coherent emission from bright excitons, has sparked considerable interest in quantum-information applications. In addition, optically forbidden states (dark exciton states) have potential to both achieve Bose-Einstein condensation and modulate exciton dynamics.

Next generation legged robot locomotion: A review on control techniques.

The next generation of autonomous-legged robots will herald a new era in the fields of manufacturing, healthcare, terrain exploration, and surveillance. We can expect significant progress in a number of industries, including inspection, search and rescue, elderly care, workplace safety, and nuclear decommissioning. Advanced legged robots are built with a state-of-the-art architecture that makes use of stereo vision and inertial measurement data to navigate unfamiliar and challenging terrains.

Deep insights into the optoelectronic properties of AgCdF-based perovskite solar cell using the combination of DFT and SCAPS-1D simulation.

The main focus of this research is to explore the properties and photovoltaic application of AgCdF, and hence, initially, the CASTEP software was used in this study to assess the structural, optical, mechanical, and electrical characteristics of the AgCdF perovskite absorber layer within the context of the density functional theory (DFT) method. AgCdF resulting from the structural research is confirmed to be chemically and thermodynamically stable by the estimated tolerance factor and formation enthalpy. According to the band structure analysis, AgCdF is an indirect band gap semiconductor with a band gap of 1.

Complete mitochondrial genome sequence of giant freshwater prawn, of Bangladesh.

We report the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the giant freshwater prawn () from Bangladesh. The circular genome is 15,766 base pairs long, with a GC content of 38.1%, and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, and 1 control region.

Isolation, characterization, and analysis of pure compounds from leaf extract for antibacterial, antidiabetic, cytotoxicity and phytotoxicity.

This research aims to isolate, characterize, and analyze pure compounds from leaf extract to investigate its antibacterial, antidiabetic, cytotoxic, and phytotoxic effects. Fresh leaves were collected, dried, and subjected to methanol extraction to obtain a crude extract. From the petroleum ether fraction (PEF) of this extract, three fractions-designated LM1, LM2, and LM3-were prepared using column chromatography.

Preliminary results of spatial distribution of radon and thoron with associated parameters in soil around active faults in Japan.

The radon (Rn) and thoron (Tn) concentrations and other environmental parameters were measured in the vicinity of active faults in two regions with different geology structure of Japan. The range of measured values was from 1.2 to 74 kBq m$^{-3}$, 1.

Examining the e-cigarette scenario based on distribution, availability, marketing, and banning: A GIS-Based qualitative study in Bangladesh.

Background: Globally, over 81 million people use e-cigarettes, and the majority of them are young adults. Using e-cigarettes causes different types of adverse health effects both in adults and elderly people. Over time, using e-cigarettes has detrimental consequences on lung function, brain development and numerous other illnesses.

Next generation power inverter for grid resilience: Technology review.

Distributed generation (DG) systems are becoming more popular due to several benefits such as clean energy, decentralization, and cost effectiveness. Because the majority of renewable energy sources provide DC power, power electronic inverters are necessary for their conversion from DC to AC power. To fulfill this demand, the next generation power inverter employs innovative technologies while simultaneously assuring stability and resilience.