Trends in health expectancy at age 60 in Bangladesh from 1996 to 2016.

Background: Life expectancy (LE) is increasing all over the world, and relying on LE alone is no longer sufficient to identify whether a country is having a healthier population. Examining the increase in LE in relation to health - health expectancy estimation - is advised to ascertain the increase (or decrease) in LE without disability over time. This study examines the trends in health expectancy at age 60 in Bangladesh from 1996 to 2016.

Modifications of Traditional Formulas to Estimate and Project Dependency Ratios and Their Implications in a Developing Country, Bangladesh.

Unlabelled: Traditional dependency ratios based on the United Nations' old age definition (≥ 65 years) appear to be an inappropriate indicator for many developing countries, including Bangladesh. Bangladesh, with a retirement age of 59 in many sectors, defines old age as ≥ 60 years, whereas the United Nations documents 60-64 years as working age. This study offers two modifications to the traditional formulas of dependency ratios and compares the modified measures against the traditional measures from 1975 to 2100.

The COVID-19 risk perceptions, health precautions, and emergency preparedness in older CALD adults in South Australia: A cross-sectional study.

Background: In Australia, the relationships of cultural contexts with health challenges in older culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) adults during the COVID-19 remain under-investigated. This study explored the older CALD adults' risk perceptions of COVID-19, and identified demographics and risk perceptions associated with their health precautions and emergency preparation in South Australia.

Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted.

Risk Perception and Health Precautions Towards COVID-19 Among Older Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Adults in South Australia: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Background: Risk perceptions and precaution-taking against COVID-19 are affected by individuals' health status, psychosocial vulnerabilities and cultural dimensions. This cross-sectional study investigates risk perceptions associated with COVID-19 and specifically the problem- and emotion-focused health precautions of older, culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) South Australians.

Methods: Cross-sectional research involving self-administration of an online survey.

Loneliness and health expectancy among older adults: A longitudinal population-based study.

Background: The population health impact of loneliness remains unknown. We quantified the impact of loneliness on total life expectancy (TLE) and health expectancy (the duration of remaining life lived in different health states) among older adults, aged ≥60 years.

Design: Multistate life table analysis of a nationally representative longitudinal survey.

Determinants of cigarette/bidi smoking among youth male in rural Mymensingh of Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Smoking cigarette/bidi, is a serious health threat, causes preventable premature morbidity and mortality. Higher prevalence of smoking among the youth hampers a country's development, as the youth are the main drivers of socio-economic development. An effective understanding of factors associated with youth smoking is precious to prevent youth smoking.

Justification of Wife Beating and Utilization of Antenatal and Delivery Care in Bangladesh.

We examined the association between women's justification of wife beating and their utilization of professional antenatal and delivery care in Bangladesh. We used data which describes a nationally representative sample of currently married women aged 15 to 49 years ( = 3,449). Services from medically trained providers were considered professional antenatal care (ANC) and delivery services.

Association of baseline hand grip strength and annual change in hand grip strength with mortality among older people.

Background: Clinicians have increasing access to longitudinal data on hand grip strength (HGS), often measured for frailty or sarcopenia assessment, of their older clients. Evidence on the association of change in HGS with mortality is mixed. We investigated whether baseline hand grip strength (HGS) and annual change in HGS are associated with mortality among older Singaporeans.

Double burden of malnutrition at household level: A comparative study among Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan, and Myanmar.

Background: The coexistence of overweight mother and stunted child at the same household is a type of Double Burden of Malnutrition at Household Level (DBMHL). This particular public health concern is now emerging at an alarming rate among most of the South Asian and its neighboring lower-and-middle income countries which are going through nutritional transition. This study has examined the prevalence rate and the risk factors of DBMHL along with the socio-economic inequality in DBMHL among Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan, and Myanmar.

The Impact of Self-Reported Vision and Hearing Impairment on Health Expectancy.

Objectives: Vision and hearing impairment may impact both life expectancy (LE) and health expectancy, that is, duration of life with and without health problems, among older adults. We examined the impact of self-reported vision and hearing impairment on years of life with and without limitation in physical function and in activities of daily living (ADLs).

Design: Life table analysis, using a nationally representative longitudinal survey of community-dwelling older adults aged 60 years or older, Panel on Health and Ageing of Singaporean Elderly.

Years of life with and without limitation in physical function and in activities of daily living by body mass index among older adults.

Background: While older adults with pre-obesity and Class I obesity have similar or lower mortality risk versus those with normal weight, a heavier body mass index (BMI) may not translate into more healthy life years. Utilizing longitudinal data on 3452 older (≥60 years) Singaporeans, we assessed the association between BMI and years of remaining life overall with and without limitation in physical function and in activities of daily living (ADLs).

Methods: Difficulty in any of nine tasks involving upper or lower extremities was considered as limitation in physical function, and health-related difficulty in any basic ADL or instrumental ADL as limitation in ADLs.

Female Participation in Household Decision Making and the Justification of Wife Beating in Bangladesh.

We examined female participation in household decision making and its association with the justification of wife beating in Bangladesh. We used nationally representative data from the 2014 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey. Our sample consisted of currently married women of age 15 to 49 years ( = 16,463).

Correlates of healthy life expectancy in low- and lower-middle-income countries.

Background: Healthy life expectancy (HALE) at birth is an important indicator of health status and quality of life of a country's population. However, little is known about the determinants of HALE as yet globally or even country-specific level. Thus, we examined the factors that are associated with HALE at birth in low- and lower-middle-income countries.

Vignettes and differential health reporting: results from the Japanese World Health Survey.

We examined the factors associated with the evaluation of health description vignettes and how Japanese people make decisions related to the eight health dimensions (mobility, emotions, pain, relationship with others, sleep and energy, vision, recognition/remembering abilities, and self-care). We investigated a dataset of 4,959 respondents (≥ 18 years) from the Japanese World Health Survey. Ordered probit models were used to identify factors associated with all health dimensions.

Gender differences in functional disability and self-care among seniors in Bangladesh.

Background: Disability among older adults is a public health concern. To date there are no in-depth and comprehensive analyses on older adults' disabilities in Bangladesh. This study investigated gender differences in the prevalence of disability and the socio-demographic factors associated with disability among older adults in Bangladesh.

Urban-rural differences in disability-free life expectancy in Bangladesh using the 2010 HIES data.

Background: Research on health expectancy has been carried out in Bangladesh but none of it has examined the differences in Disability-Free Life Expectancy (DFLE) between urban and rural setting in context of rapid urbanization of Bangladesh in past decades.

Objectives: The present study aims to estimate DFLE for people of all ages living in urban and rural areas in Bangladesh, and to examine the differences in DFLE between these two areas.

Methods: Data from the Sample Vital Registration System 2010 and the Bangladesh Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) 2010 were used in this study.

Maternal Pregnancy Intention and Professional Antenatal Care Utilization in Bangladesh: A Nationwide Population-Based Survey.

Objective: To investigate the association between maternal pregnancy intention and professional antenatal and delivery care utilization.

Methods: Our data were derived from the 2011 nationally representative Bangladesh Demographic Health Survey. We included antenatal and delivery care utilization data of the most recent live births for women for the previous three years (n = 4672).

Is adjustment for reporting heterogeneity necessary in sleep disorders? Results from the Japanese World Health Survey.

Background: Anchoring vignettes are brief texts describing a hypothetical character who illustrates a certain fixed level of a trait under evaluation. This research uses vignettes to elucidate factors associated with sleep disorders in adult Japanese before and after adjustment for reporting heterogeneity in self-reports. This study also evaluates the need for adjusting for reporting heterogeneity in the management of sleep and energy related problems in Japan.

Are the rates of hypertension and diabetes higher in people from lower socioeconomic status in Bangladesh? Results from a nationally representative survey.

Objective: A well-established belief regarding inequalities in health around the world is that hypertension and diabetes are higher in groups of lower socioeconomic status. We examined whether rates of hypertension, diabetes, and the coexistence of hypertension and diabetes are higher in people from a lower socioeconomic status than in those from a higher socioeconomic status in Bangladesh.

Methods: We investigated a nationally representative dataset from the 2011 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey with objective measures for hypertension and diabetes.

Healthy life expectancy and the correlates of self-rated health in Bangladesh in 1996 and 2002.

Background: Life expectancy (LE) at birth has increased steadily in Bangladesh since its independence. When people live longer, quality of life becomes a central issue. This study examines whether healthy life expectancy (HLE) at ages 15, 25, 35, and 45 is keeping pace with LE at those ages between 1996 and 2002.

Economic well-being and elder abuse in Rajshahi district of Bangladesh.

This article examines the distribution of wealth and then tests associations between elder abuse and wealth in Rajshahi district of Bangladesh. Data from 896 respondents (60 years old and over) were collected in April 2009. Principal component analysis was used to construct a wealth index, and logistic regressions were performed to test the associations between wealth and elder abuse.

Inequality in disability in Bangladesh.

Objective: To investigate inequality in disability in Bangladesh.

Methods: The study used both household level and individual level data from a large nationally representative data set, Bangladesh's Household Income and Expenditure Survey-2010. Principal component analysis was used to construct a wealth index based on household assets from household level data.

The intergenerational transmission of intimate partner violence in Bangladesh.

Background: A number of individual risk factors for intimate partner violence (IPV) have been identified in Bangladesh. However, the etiology of IPV, intergenerational transmission, has never been tested in Bangladesh.

Objective: We examined whether witnessing inter-parental physical violence (IPPV) was associated with IPV to identify whether IPV passes across generations in Bangladesh.

Can an active aging index (AAI) provide insight into reducing elder abuse? A case study in Rajshahi District, Bangladesh.

We use data from respondents aged 60 years and above, collected during April 2009 in the Rajshahi district of Bangladesh, to examine whether high activeness, as captured by an AAI or in sub-domains, can help reduce the risk of elder abuse. The findings suggest that more than half of rural elderly and 14 percent of urban elderly were at some point abused. High activeness in health and security dimensions lowers the risk of being abused while those who are low active in community participation have the lowest risk of being abused in both rural and urban areas.

Relationships between the Active Aging Index and Disability-Free Life Expectancy: A Case Study in the Rajshahi District of Bangladesh.

Life expectancy has increased considerably throughout the world. In Bangladesh, life expectancy has increased from about 53 years in 1975 to 69 years in 2010. However, it is unknown whether the increase in life expectancy is simultaneously accompanied by an increase in disability-free life expectancy (DFLE).