Achieving efficiency above 30% with new inorganic cubic perovskites XSnBr (X = Cs, Rb, K, Na) DFT and SCAPS-1D.

The solar sector is shifting towards lead-free, inorganic cubic halide perovskites due to their superior structural, electronic, and optoelectronic properties. This study uses density functional theory (DFT) to examine the structural, electronic, and optical properties of XSnBr (X = Cs, Rb, K, Na) and assesses their photovoltaic performance through the Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator - One Dimensional (SCAPS-1D). The results show each material has a direct band gap at the Γ-point, low optical losses, and high absorption, making them promising for solar and optoelectronic applications.

Mix and manage: Cultivar mixtures can maintain yield under high wheat blast disease pressure.

Originating in South America, wheat blast disease has spread to both Asia and Africa and is considered a significant threat to food security. Bangladesh experienced the first outbreak of wheat blast outside of the Americas in 2016. Shortly thereafter, the blast-resistant variety BARI Gom 33 was released.

pH- and Photoresponsive Liquid Plasticine.

Liquid marbles (LMs) can be prepared by adsorption of hydrophobic particles at the air-liquid interface of a water droplet. LMs have been studied for their application as microreaction vessels. However, their opaqueness poses challenges for internal observation.

Magnetically Driven Biopsy Capsule Robot with Spring Mechanism.

In recent years, capsule endoscopes (CEs) have appeared as an advanced technology for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases. However, only capturing the images limits the advanced diagnostic procedures and so on in CE's applications. Herein, considering other extended functions like tissue sampling, a novel wireless biopsy CE has been presented employing active locomotion.

Reduced Flavin in Aqueous Solution Is Nonfluorescent.

Flavins are blue-light-absorbing chromophores with rich redox activity. Biologically, the most important are riboflavin (vitamin B), flavin mononucleotide, and flavin adenine dinucleotide, the latter two of which are catalytic cofactors in enzymes. Flavins pivot between oxidized, one electron-, and two electron-reduced forms in different protonation states, depending on enzymatic requirements.

The impact of mucormycosis (black fungus) on SARS-CoV-2-infected patients: at a glance.

The emergence of various diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic made health workers more attentive, and one of the new pathogens is the black fungus (mucormycosis). As a result, millions of lives have already been lost. As a result of the mutation, the virus is constantly changing its traits, including the rate of disease transmission, virulence, pathogenesis, and clinical signs.

The Gut Microbiota (Microbiome) in Cardiovascular Disease and Its Therapeutic Regulation.

In the last two decades, considerable interest has been shown in understanding the development of the gut microbiota and its internal and external effects on the intestine, as well as the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as metabolic syndrome. The intestinal microbiota plays a pivotal role in human health and disease. Recent studies revealed that the gut microbiota can affect the host body.

An Overview of Antimicrobial Stewardship Optimization: The Use of Antibiotics in Humans and Animals to Prevent Resistance.

Antimicrobials are a type of agent widely used to prevent various microbial infections in humans and animals. Antimicrobial resistance is a major cause of clinical antimicrobial therapy failure, and it has become a major public health concern around the world. Increasing the development of multiple antimicrobials has become available for humans and animals with no appropriate guidance.

Resveratrol and neuroprotection: an insight into prospective therapeutic approaches against Alzheimer's disease from bench to bedside.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia and cognitive impairment; yet, there is currently no treatment. A buildup of Aβ, tau protein phosphorylation, oxidative stress, and inflammation in AD is pathogenic. The accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides in these neurocognitive areas is a significant characteristic of the disease.

Bioactive Compounds and Their Derivatives: An Insight into Prospective Phytotherapeutic Approach against Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative brain disorder that causes cellular response alterations, such as impaired cholinergic mechanism, amyloid-beta (A) AD aggregation, neuroinflammation, and several other pathways. AD is still the most prevalent form of dementia and affects many individuals across the globe. The exact cause of the disorder is obscure.

Growth performances and meat yield characteristics of commercial cockerels fed antibiotic and probiotic.

Objective: The current research aimed at investigating growth performances and meat yield characteristics of commercial cockerels supplemented with antibiotics and probiotics to the diet.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1,350 commercial cockerels (ISA Brown) were indiscriminately distributed to 3 treatment groups, each having three replications of 150-day-old chicks based on completely randomized design. The basal diet was treated as the control, while the experimental groups receiving Enrofloxacin 1 gm/kg and Protexin 1 gm/kg feed were considered as antibiotic and probiotic groups, respectively.

Stature estimation from footprint measurements in Bangladeshi adults.

The estimation of stature is very important in forensic investigation, as it provides useful data that can narrow the pool of potentially matching identities. The purpose of this study was to develop formulae for the estimation of stature from footprint measurements in Bangladeshi adults. This study included 118 randomly selected men and 130 randomly selected women, all aged 18-50 years.

Transcriptomic and biochemical analysis of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and a chromosome segment substitution line from G. hirsutum × G. barbadense in response to Verticillium dahliae infection.

Background: Verticillium wilt (VW), also known as "cotton cancer," is one of the most destructive diseases in global cotton production that seriously impacts fiber yield and quality. Despite numerous attempts, little significant progress has been made in improving the VW resistance of upland cotton. The development of chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) from Gossypium hirsutum × G.

YC7010 Enhances Plant Defenses Against Brown Planthopper Through Transcriptomic and Metabolic Changes in Rice.

Brown planthopper (BPH; Stål) is one of the most serious insect pests, which reduce rice yield remarkably in many rice-growing areas. A few plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria induce systemic resistance against herbivorous insects. Here we show that root drenching of rice seedlings with an endophytic strain YC7010 enhanced defenses against BPH.

Inadequate water treatment quality as assessed by protozoa removal in Sarawak, Malaysia.

Providing safe drinking-water to human civilization is indispensable; it is one of the most cost-effective means of reducing the disease burden of diarrhea. Unfortunately, water supply quality monitoring from public water treatment plants (WTPs) is often neglected or taken for granted. To determine the produced water quality, WTPs in Sarawak, Malaysia were assessed for their protozoa removal ability.

Induction of Systemic Resistance against Insect Herbivores in Plants by Beneficial Soil Microbes.

Soil microorganisms with growth-promoting activities in plants, including rhizobacteria and rhizofungi, can improve plant health in a variety of different ways. These beneficial microbes may confer broad-spectrum resistance to insect herbivores. Here, we provide evidence that beneficial microbes modulate plant defenses against insect herbivores.

Comparative transcriptome analysis of cotton fiber development of Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and Chromosome Segment Substitution Lines from G. hirsutum × G. barbadense.

Background: How to develop new cotton varieties possessing high yield traits of Upland cotton and superior fiber quality traits of Sea Island cotton remains a key task for cotton breeders and researchers. While multiple attempts bring in little significant progresses, the development of Chromosome Segment Substitution Lines (CSSLs) from Gossypium barbadense in G. hirsutum background provided ideal materials for aforementioned breeding purposes in upland cotton improvement.

Transcriptome Analysis Suggests That Chromosome Introgression Fragments from Sea Island Cotton () Increase Fiber Strength in Upland Cotton ().

As high-strength cotton fibers are critical components of high quality cotton, developing cotton cultivars with high-strength fibers as well as high yield is a top priority for cotton development. Recently, chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) have been developed from high-yield Upland cotton () crossed with high-quality Sea Island cotton (). Here, we constructed a CSSL population by crossing CCRI45, a high-yield Upland cotton cultivar, with Hai1, a Sea Island cotton cultivar with superior fiber quality.

Chemical and structural characterization of α-N-acetylgalactosaminidase I and II from starfish, asterina amurensis.

Background: The marine invertebrate starfish was found to contain a novel α-N-acetylgalactosaminidase, α-GalNAcase II, which catalyzes removal of terminal α-N-acetylgalactosamine (α-GalNAc), in addition to a typical α-N-acetylgalactosaminidase, α-GalNAcase I, which catalyzes removal of terminal α-N-acetylgalactosamine (α-GalNAc) and, to a lesser extent, galactose. The interrelationship between α-GalNAcase I and α-GalNAcase II and the molecular basis of their differences in substrate specificity remain unknown.

Results: Chemical and structural comparisons between α-GalNAcase I and II using immunostaining, N-terminal amino acid sequencing and peptide analysis showed high homology to each other and also to other glycoside hydrolase family (GHF) 27 members.

Carbon Nanotube Membranes: Synthesis, Properties, and Future Filtration Applications.

Over the course of the past decade, there has been growing interest in the development of different types of membranes composed of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), including buckypapers and composite materials, for an ever-widening range of filtration applications. This article provides an overview of how different types of CNT membranes are prepared and the results obtained from investigations into their suitability for different applications. The latter involve the removal of small particles from air samples, the filtration of aqueous solutions containing organic compounds and/or bacteria, and the separation of individual liquids present in mixtures.