Modeling the risk of wrong-way driving at the exit ramp terminals of partial cloverleaf interchanges.

Introduction: Partial cloverleaf (parclo) interchanges with closely spaced parallel entrance and exit ramps are more prone to wrong-way driving (WWD) compared to other interchange types. In this study, a logistic regression model was developed to predict the risk of WWD at the exit ramp terminals of parclo interchanges.

Method: The logistic regression model was developed using Firth's penalized likelihood techniques based on the predictor variables such as exit ramp geometric design features, wrong-way related traffic control devices, area type, and traffic volume.