Healthy and pathological pallidal regulation of thalamic burst versus tonic mode firing: a computational simulation.

The mechanisms by which the basal ganglia influence the pallidal-receiving thalamus remain to be adequately defined. Our prior in vivo recordings in fully alert normal and dystonic rats revealed that normally fast tonic discharging entopeduncular [EP, rodent equivalent of the globus pallidus internus (GPi)] neurons are pathologically slow, highly irregular, and bursty under dystonic conditions. This, in turn, induces pallidal-receiving thalamic movement-related neurons to change from a healthy burst predominant to a pathological tonic-predominant resting firing mode.

Voltage control of domain walls in magnetic nanowires for energy-efficient neuromorphic devices.

An energy-efficient voltage-controlled domain wall (DW) device for implementing an artificial neuron and synapse is analyzed using micromagnetic modeling in the presence of room temperature thermal noise. By controlling the DW motion utilizing spin transfer or spin-orbit torques in association with voltage generated strain control of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in the presence of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, different positions of the DW are realized in the free layer of a magnetic tunnel junction to program different synaptic weights. The feasibility of scaling of such devices is assessed in the presence of thermal perturbations that compromise controllability.

Possible role of rivoglitazone thiazolidine class of drug as dual-target therapeutic agent for bacterial infections: An in silico study.

Infections due to resistant bacteria are the life-threatening and leading cause of mortality worldwide. The current therapy for bacterial infections includes treatment with various drugs and antibiotics. The misuse and over usage of these antibiotics leads to bacterial resistance.

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some Novel 3,5-Disubstituted-1,2,4-triazole Incorporated 2-Mercaptobenzothiazoles.

Several 2-mercaptobenzothiazole derivatives 5a-i containing 1,2,4-triazole moiety incorporating two additional substituents were synthesized. All the newly synthesized compounds were tested for in vitro activity against certain strains of bacteria such as Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus coagulans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. Compound 5a showed significant activity against the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli.

Rice Pi-ta gene Confers Resistance to the Major Pathotypes of the Rice Blast Fungus in the United States.

ABSTRACT The Pi-ta gene in rice prevents the infection by Magnaporthe grisea strains containing the AVR-Pita avirulence gene. The presence of Pi-ta in rice cultivars was correlated completely with resistance to two major pathotypes, IB-49 and IC-17, common in the U.S.