Application of Various Techniques to Gain Insights Into the Complex Urinary Tract Microbial Communities of Renal Transplant Recipients.

Unlabelled: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are prevalent in renal transplant (RT) recipients and associated with worse outcomes. Early detection by sensitive diagnostic tests and appropriate treatment strategies in this cohort is therefore crucial, but evidence has shown that current methods may miss genuine infections. Research has shed light on the urinary tract microbial ecology of healthy individuals and nontransplant patients with UTI, but information on the RTx cohort is scant.

Evaluating the Quality and Readability of Online Resources on Unspecified Kidney Donation.

Background: Unspecified kidney donation (UKD) refers to transplantation from donors unrelated and unknown to the recipient. UKD has contributed to the expansion of the live donor pool in several countries. The United Kingdom Transplant Community has set maximizing UKDs as a priority.

Nephron sparing surgery in tumours greater than 7cm.

Introduction: Partial nephrectomy (PN) is the gold standard treatment for renal cell carcinomas under 4cm. No robust data exists to recommend PN for tumours>7cm (cT2). The objective of this work is to evaluate the results of PN for cT2 tumours.

Contralateral inguinal herniation of a transplant ureter causing obstructive uropathy in a renal transplant recipient.

Ipsilateral inguinal herniation of the transplanted ureter has been reported as a rare cause of obstructive uropathy in renal transplant recipients. A 73-year-old man presented with acute renal failure 29 years after receiving a deceased donor renal transplant. Radiological investigations demonstrated marked hydronephrosis of the left iliac fossa transplant kidney and herniation of the distal transplant ureter and bladder into the right inguinal canal.

Anastrozole and letrozole: an investigation and comparison of quality of life and tolerability.

Previous studies have demonstrated that both anastrozole and letrozole are well tolerated. Letrozole suppresses estrogen to a greater degree than anastrozole in the serum and breast tumor. Concerns have been raised that greater potency may adversely affect patients' quality of life (QOL).

A study of the effects of the aromatase inhibitors anastrozole and letrozole on bone metabolism in postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.

ALIQUOT (Anastrozole vs. Letrozole, an Investigation of Quality Of Life and Tolerability) was a prospective, open-label, randomized pharmacodynamic study designed to assess the effects of aromatase inhibitors (AIs) on bone turnover in healthy postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Ninety-four patients were randomized to receive either 12 weeks of letrozole (2.

Involvement of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases and apoptosis in tissue remodelling in the sheep placenta.

Placental growth and development is crucial for successful pregnancy. The aim of this study was to characterize the activity and localization of the matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9, which are capable of degrading basement membrane collagen (predominantly collagen type IV), and their endogenous tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs), in amniotic fluid and in the developing ovine placenta. Cell deletion by apoptosis during placental development was also examined.