The global multiple myeloma incidence and mortality burden in 2022 and predictions for 2045.

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is an important haematological malignancy in older adults, with a relatively poor prognosis. We aimed to present the current global patterns of incidence and mortality from MM, and predict new cases and deaths by 2045.

Methods: Estimated numbers of MM cases and deaths and age-standardized (World) incidence and mortality rates per 100,000 people were obtained from the GLOBOCAN 2022 database covering 185 countries.

Colorectal cancer research priorities in Uganda: perspectives from local key experts and stakeholders.

The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing in Uganda but there is limited local research to guide policy and programming for CRC prevention and control. A stakeholder engagement workshop took place in Kampala on 19 March 2024 to identify challenges and opportunities for CRC prevention and control in Uganda. A total of 30 stakeholders with expertise in CRC primary and secondary prevention, diagnosis, treatment, palliative care as well as cancer survivors participated in the workshop.

Effectiveness, safety, and cost of combination advanced therapies in inflammatory bowel disease.

Background: A significant proportion of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients fail to respond to advanced therapies. Combining advanced therapies may improve treatment outcome. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness, adverse events, and costs associated with combining advanced therapies in IBD patients.

Impact of social vulnerability index on patients with alcohol-related liver disease.

Introduction: Alcohol related liver disease (ALD) affects diverse communities with individual and social characteristics that can impact outcomes. The social vulnerability index (SVI) assigns a score between 0 and 1, where higher scores represent an increased risk of social vulnerability. We sought to assess the impact of SVI on outcomes of patients hospitalized with ALD with access to social support services.

Pathways to myeloproliferative neoplasm presentation and time to diagnosis: results from a cross-sectional study.

Background: Early cancer recognition is key to improving patient outcomes. Diagnosis is often delayed in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), putting them at risk of thromboembolic events and other complications pre-diagnosis. A clear understanding of the barriers to presentation and diagnosis is required.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on breast cancer patient pathways and outcomes in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland - a scoping review.

The COVID-19 pandemic brought unplanned service disruption for breast cancer diagnostic, treatment and support services. This scoping review describes these changes and their impact in the UK and the Republic of Ireland based on studies published between January 2020 and August 2023. Thirty-four of 569 papers were included.

Factors associated with interobserver variation amongst pathologists in the diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia: A systematic review.

Objective: Reproducible diagnoses of endometrial hyperplasia (EH) remains challenging and has potential implications for patient management. This systematic review aimed to identify pathologist-specific factors associated with interobserver variation in the diagnosis and reporting of EH.

Methods: Three electronic databases, namely MEDLINE, Embase and Web of Science, were searched from 1st January 2000 to 25th March 2023, using relevant key words and subject headings.

An Integrated Multi-Source Dataset for Measuring Settlement Evolution in the United States from 1810 to 2020.

Understanding changes in the built environment is vital for sustainable urban development and disaster preparedness. Recent years have seen the emergence of a variety of global, continent-level, and nation-wide datasets related to the current state and the evolution of the built environment, human settlements or building stocks. However, such datasets may face limitations like incomplete coverage, sparse building information, coarse resolution, and limited timeframes.

The aetiology and burden of myeloproliferative neoplasms in the United Kingdom: the MyelOproliferative neoplasmS: an In-depth case-control (MOSAICC) study protocol.

Background: Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are a group of haematological malignancies that affect approximately 8 people in every 100,000 individuals in the UK. Little is known about the aetiology of MPNs, as previous studies have been hampered by small sample sizes, thus it is important to understand the cause of MPNs in a larger study to identify prevention strategies and improve treatment strategies. This study aims to determine environmental, lifestyle, genetic and medical causes of MPNs and to assess the relevance of occupational carcinogen exposures and quality of life impacts.

Tackling the escalating burden of care in Uganda: a qualitative exploration of the challenges experienced by family carers of patients with chronic non-communicable diseases.

Background: Family carers face challenges that could significantly affect their health and the health of those they care for. However, these challenges are not well documented in low-income settings, including Uganda. We explored the challenges of caring for someone with chronic non-communicable disease (NCD) in Uganda.

The mutation and the role of therapeutic agents in alleviating myeloproliferative neoplasm symptom burden.

Alleviating symptom burden in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) is imperative to achieving optimal management. Research remains to elucidate the relationship between the () mutation present in many MPN patients, and the symptomatology they experience. This retrospective study analysed data collected from MPN patients included in the Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: An In-depth Case-Control (MOSAICC) pilot study.

Evaluation of mass media campaign of early cancer diagnosis, targeting older adults in Northern Ireland: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Cancer Research UK ran a mass-media campaign for 6 weeks from Sept 1, 2022, to Sept 13, 2022, targeted to people aged 50 years and older and from a lower social-grade (C2DE) in Northern Ireland. The campaign was developed to target barriers to help-seeking for the target audience. With this evaluation, we aimed to compare reported barriers and self-reported help-seeking before and after the campaign to assess changes potentially related to the campaign.

Patients with alcohol-related liver disease hospitalized during the COVID-19 pandemic experienced worse outcomes.

Introduction And Objectives: Psychosocial stressors related to the coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic increased alcohol consumption. The effect on patients with alcohol-related liver diseases remains unclear.

Materials And Methods: Hospitalizations at a tertiary care center due to alcohol-related liver disease from March 1 through August 31 in 2019 (pre-pandemic cohort) and 2020 (pandemic cohort) were reviewed retrospectively.

Fine-grained, spatiotemporal datasets measuring 200 years of land development in the United States.

The collection, processing, and analysis of remote sensing data since the early 1970s has rapidly improved our understanding of change on the Earth's surface. While satellite-based Earth observation has proven to be of vast scientific value, these data are typically confined to recent decades of observation and often lack important thematic detail. Here, we advance in this arena by constructing new spatially explicit settlement data for the United States that extend back to the early 19th century and are consistently enumerated at fine spatial and temporal granularity (i.

Risky Development: Increasing Exposure to Natural Hazards in the United States.

Losses from natural hazards are escalating dramatically, with more properties and critical infrastructure affected each year. Although the magnitude, intensity, and/or frequency of certain hazards has increased, development contributes to this unsustainable trend, as disasters emerge when natural disturbances meet vulnerable assets and populations. To diagnose development patterns leading to increased exposure in the conterminous United States (CONUS), we identified earthquake, flood, hurricane, tornado, and wildfire hazard hotspots, and overlaid them with land use information from the Historical Settlement Data Compilation data set.

Rethinking Risk Perception and its Importance for Explaining Natural Hazard Preparedness Behavior.

Psychological theory suggests there is a positive association between risk perception and protective behavior. Empirical research has, however, found mixed support for the positive link between risk perception and protective behavior. One explanation for the inconsistent link is the way in which risk perception has been conceptualized and/or operationalized in past research.

Wave reflections in the umbilical artery measured by Doppler ultrasound as a novel predictor of placental pathology.

Background: The umbilical artery (UA) Doppler pulsatility index is used clinically to detect elevated feto-placental vascular resistance. However, this metric is confounded by variation in fetal cardiac function and is only moderately predictive of placental pathology. Our group developed a novel ultrasound methodology that measures wave reflections in the UA, thereby isolating a component of the Doppler signal that is specific to the placenta.

Patient's perspectives of living with a precancerous condition: Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS).

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate patient experiences of living with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Living with a premalignant condition such as MGUS may elicit negative psychosocial effects including increased anxiety and fear of progression to cancer. To date, no study utilising qualitative methodology has explored the lived experiences of MGUS patients.

A Prospective Study of Circulating Chemokines and Angiogenesis Markers and Risk of Multiple Myeloma and Its Precursor.

Background: Experimental and clinical studies have implicated certain chemokines and angiogenic cytokines in multiple myeloma (MM) pathogenesis. To investigate whether systemic concentrations of these markers are associated with future MM risk and progression from its precursor, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), we conducted a prospective study within the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial.

Methods: We measured concentrations of 45 immunologic and pro-angiogenic markers in sera from 241 MM case patients, 441 participants with nonprogressing MGUS, and 258 MGUS-free control participants using Luminex-based multiplex assays and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.

Association of Immune Marker Changes With Progression of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance to Multiple Myeloma.

Importance: Multiple myeloma is consistently preceded by monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Risk models that estimate the risk of progression from MGUS to multiple myeloma use data from a single time point, usually the initial workup.

Objective: To longitudinally investigate the alterations of serum immune markers with stable vs progressive MGUS.